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5th Int. Maar Conference Nov 2014 in Mexico - Session 4: Maar Hazards
From: Volker Lorenz <vlorenz@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>5th Int. Maar Conference Nov 2014 in Mexico - Session 4: Maar Hazards
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The 5th International MAAR Conference November 17-22, 2014. Querétaro, Mexico
Conference web site: http://maar2014.geociencias.unam.mx/
containing also deadlines. The second circular for the 5IMC will be out soon.
ABSTRACT SUBMISSION DEADLINE: 30 May 2014
Session 4: Volcanic and hydrogeological hazards related to maar-diatreme volcanoes and distributed volcanic fields
Conveners:
Jorge Aranda (jjag@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx)
Shane Cronin (S.J.Cronin@xxxxxxxxxxxx)
Volker Lorenz (vlorenz@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx)
Next to scoria cones, maar-diatreme volcanoes – and the closely related tuff-ring as well as tuff-cone volcanoes - represent the second most common volcano type on continents and maybe on volcanic islands as well. They span all magma types and occur in most volcanic environments, but they are especially frequent in monogenetic volcanic fields. In Quaternary, and less commonly in Tertiary volcanic fields, the maar crater with its tephra ring deposits and its post-eruptive crater sediments is frequently preserved. In older monogenetic fields only the diatreme might be preserved. However, compared with scoria cones, maar-diatreme volcanoes have rarely erupted in recent historic time and, therefore, many maar-diatreme related hazard aspects have only rarely been realized and some may even be unknown so far. Because of their occurrence in many late Pleistocene and Holocene volcanic fields and other active volcanic areas that are located in or close to populated areas, it is a fair assumption that future volcanic activity may also cause formation of maar-diatreme volcanoes.
Growth of world population and economic development in and around active volcanic areas, as well as proliferation of terrestrial and aerial transport and transport line systems make maar-related hazards and mitigation of hazards important issues. Therefore, maar hazards must be investigated intensively and maar hazard maps must be made in order to be prepared when maar eruptions will occur in or near populated areas.
We invite all colleagues who would like to present data on maar hazards or who model maar hazards to make contributions in this session. We hope to promote with this session the collection of historic data and information inferred from field studies about pre-, syn-, and post-eruptive hazards associated with maar-diatreme volcanoes. We also hope to promote modeling of maar hazards. Some of the topics that we consider important for the future hazard assessment is to collect data on the size variation of maar-diatreme volcanoes and their eruption parameters such as: crater and diatreme diameter and depth, thickness and diameter of base surge dominated tephra ring, clast diameter and distances reached by ballistic blocks, height of eruption clouds, distance attained by distal airborne ash and run-out distance of base surges, effects of ash fall and base surge materials, as well as toxic gases on buildings, transport lines, farmland, forests, humans, animals and plants, interference of eruption clouds with air traffic, topography dependent formation of tephra-debris flows outside the maar crater, change from phreatomagmatic to magmatic eruption and vice versa. We also encourage contributions related with hydrogeological hazards triggered by maar eruptions such as damming of streams by formation of tephra rings in valleys and later breakthrough of these transient lakes and flooding of down-valley areas; syn-eruptive draining of groundwater from springs and wells towards the underground site of explosions.
More details will included in the conference web site.
We hope to see you in Mexico!
On behalf of the conveners of session 4
Volker Lorenz
Volker Lorenz <vlorenz@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
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