On 10/3/07, Tony Marston <tony@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > Encapsulation is NOT data hiding. Take a look at please stop putting words into my mouth. i never once said encapsulation is data hiding. I stated PublicPrivateProctected facilitates encapsulation. tonight when i get home ill post a snippet from an entry level oop book (such that i recommend earlier) that says almost verbatim what i have. practically any non-trivial class will have member variables that it uses in order to facilitate its member functions. many of those variables have nothing to do w/ the functionality the class exposes to client code. if those variables are modified directly, because they cant be protected by ppp, then the functionality of the class can be distorted. that is why ppp exists. if a class has variables client code doesnt need to know about to do its job, then client code by no means should have access to it. interfaces are a powerful mechanism. its a shame youre turning your back on them. -nathan