> I'm learning block devices in Linux. It seems submit_bio can be used by file > systems to submit block IO requests. But after I search for it in the linux > kernel, I didn't see file systems like ext2 and ext3 use it. So how does a file > system usually submit a request? I didn't find a wrapper of submit_bio or > generic_make_request can be used either. Usually one of the functions defined in buffer_head.h like sb_bread or sb_getblk is used. The bio structure and its attributes have to be initialized properly and you usually don't need to do this on your own. take care, Joel -- To unsubscribe from this list: send an email with "unsubscribe kernelnewbies" to ecartis@xxxxxxxxxxxx Please read the FAQ at http://kernelnewbies.org/FAQ