From: "Hamish Moffatt" <hamish@xxxxxxxxxxxx> > Right, but there wasn't a standard for analog tuners. Last time I tried > this (years ago), it seemed that every TV app had its own card database > about how the tuner was connected to the Bt848 etc. Yes, those applications (like DScaler) directly control the hardware from user mode and only use a simple "direct I/O" driver to get access to the hardware registers. A pitiful design, of course. But as long as the card makers weren't fit to provide any properly working drivers, and Microsoft hadn't bothered to make their driver model fully work, that was the only option. > WDM had the video capture aspects covered but not the tuning. > Did this ever get fixed? Yes, long ago. And Microsoft provides all the user mode components and interfaces to control the tuning, including frequency tables. See e.g. the IAMTVTuner COM interface. It is the core control interface for analog TV and FM radio tuning. Oh yeah, and for digital television, it is now the ITuner COM interface through which DVB (and ATSC Terrestrial) cards with BDA minidrivers are controlled. Regards, -- Robert Schlabbach e-mail: robert_s@xxxxxxx Berlin, Germany