on 8/13/2002 1:39 PM Michael Froomkin - U.Miami School of Law wrote: > One significant difference is that an international junk fax is not > usually economically practicable on a large scale. Hitting an open > relay is (I think). As soon as the law enforcement problem crosses a > border it gets harder, not least because the act needs to be illegal in > the country of resident of the spammer.... This is where spam laws would have to deviate from the existing junk fax laws. While the latter targets the senders, the former would have to target the beneficiary. EG, if the spam comes from Russia but the beneficiary is stateside, the beneficiary should get penalized based on that fact alone. [yes this is US-centric, substitute accordingly] Another more insidious bowl of noodles is dealing with joe-jobs -- Eric A. Hall http://www.ehsco.com/ Internet Core Protocols http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/coreprot/