iSCSI rookies questions

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Hi everybody,

i have a running iSCSI-ceph environment that connect to XenServer 7.2.
I have some dubts and rookie questions about iSCSI.

1) Xen refused to connect to iSCSI gateway since I didn't turn up multipath on Xen.
To me it's ok. But Is it right say that multipath is much more than just a feature but it's a mandatory way to connect instead?
Is this normal? I thought iSCSI multipath was back-compatible with singlepath one.

2) The connection accomplished correctly with multipath.
I see on the XEN dashboard:

2 of 2 paths active (2 iSCSI sessions)

I read around that for now that the iSCSI gateway would have just an active/passive multipath.
Is this already worked? :)

3) I see "optimized/not optmized" on my Ceph dashboard.
This stand for?

4) Performance.
I run a simple test (nothing of statistically proven), and I see these value:

dd if=/dev/zero of=/iscsi-test/testfile bs=1G count=1 oflag=direct
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 6.72009 s, 160 MB/s

dd if=/dev/zero of=/ceph-test/testfile bs=1G count=1 oflag=direct
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 1.57821 s, 680 MB/s

Of course I expected a drop (due to overhead of iSCSI)... but this is 4x slower than direct client. Which It seems to me a little bit high.
However... is this more-or-less what I should consider as expected drop in iSCSI, or this gap'll be lowered in future?




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