Hi all, You can type powerdown, but you still have to log on as root and you still have to wait for the system to go through its shutdown routeen. What's the problem, you so much in a hurry you can't wait three minutes while a system shuts down properly so you don't lose files or have processes shut down improperly? Good heavens, even in Windows you can't just turn off a computer like you used to in DOS. You have to use the start button, then you have to type the u then you have to make sure that the radio button is properly checked, then you have to hit enter, finally, you still have to wait for the system to go through its shutdown routeen, yes even in Windows you have to do that. I surely hope you haven't been just turning off your windows computer at the switch??? Where's the rush? Where's the fire? The reason Linux makes you log in as root to shut down is because it assumes you want to keep the system running all the time because you have multiple users. It assumes that you want to have the system available for all users, and the reason you have to be root to shut it down is so that a common user can't shut things down. I repeat, where's the rush? Have we become so frantic in our lives that we can't take the time and care to shut down our computers so that our data is saved and protected, not to mention the hardware? Ann P. -- Ann K. Parsons email: akp at eznet.net WEB SITE: http://home.eznet.net/~akp "All that is gold does not glitter. Not all those who wander are lost." JRRT