Hi Tim, >Should I be using a GNU Assembler? I don't know. I've had good luck using GNU as and GNU ld whenever I've used GNU's GCC. I've never tried *not* using GNU as and GNU ld (and GNU make, GNU bison, yada yada yada). I don't know which combinations of GNU and not GNU tools work or don't work with GCC 3.3.3. Or if there are any caveats regarding HP in general, HP 11, HP 11.11, or HP 11.11U in particular. Sincerely, --Eljay