3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3 From: Helene BALCONE BOISSARD < helene.balcone_boissard@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> *Characterization of the unrest dynamics of volcanoes and eruption forecasting* *Keywords* Neapolitan Volcanoes, Minerals Microanalysis, Diffusion Chronometry, experimental petrology *Summary of thesis project* Active volcanoes represent a source of natural hazards quite diffuse on Earth. In densely populated areas, their presence poses high risks, affecting both land use management and urban development. This issue stimulates a continuously growing interest in unravelling the natural processes that trigger eruptions and control eruptive dynamics. The ability to monitor active volcanoes using seismic signals, ground deformation, gas flux and composition, and any other ground- and satellite-based observations, as well as the understanding of the behaviour of magma reservoirs that feed eruptions have evolved enormously in recent years. However, the dynamics of complex plumbing systems that feed eruptions, specifically those with explosive character, are difficult to relate straightforwardly to the monitoring signals. This makes the management of unrest phases, as well as the forecasting of explosive eruptions, particularly difficult challenging. Understanding whether the unrest phase of an active volcano will or will not end with an eruption is perhaps the main challenge volcanologists and civil protection operators are facing, especially in those active volcanic areas where unrest lasts for decades without leading to an eruption. *Among these areas we may count the Neapolitan area, with the Campi Flegrei and Ischia volcanic fields and Mount Somma-Vesuvio.* *The aim is to unravel the precursor phenomena of volcanic eruptions in the case of the neapolitan volcanoes.* The major goal of the PhD project is to study in detail a volcanic eruption that occurred in historical time in the Neapolitan area (on Ischia island and on Mt. Somma-Vesuvio). Here the Arso eruption (Ischia Island) and the 1631 and 1944 A.D. eruptions (Mt. Vesuvius) will be investigated. These eruptions are characterized by different eruptive styles (they are both effusive and explosive types of eruptions) and magma chamber dynamics and conduit processes (open/closed). We intend to study the features of the plumbing systems feeding these eruptions in terms of pre-eruptive magmatic processes and eruptive dynamics, and constrain their timescales. Experimental petrology describing the magma chamber dynamic or ascent in the conduit can be a path followed by the subject as a complement to petrogeochemical research on natural products. *Context of thesis project* The PhD project is proposed in the framework of the SMEEGOL project, â??historical Sources, Minerals microanalysis, Experimental pEtrology and numerical modellinG to unravel the precursor phenomena Of voLcanic eruptions: the case of the Neapolitan volcanoesâ??. *Expected results* The expected results are a high-level formation in petrology and volcanology in close collaboration between Paris and Napoli. The student will discuss key results on pre-eruptive magma dynamics indicator of precursors of volcanic eruption to define an early-warning clock. *Profile and skills required* We are seeking an autonomous and hard-worker student but able to work easily with different people between France and Italy. Former experiences in magmatic petrology and geochemistry will be an advantage, as well as skills in point analyses (SEM, EPMA, SIMS, LA-ICP-MS). Contact : Hélène Balcone-Boissard, ISTeP, Paris; helene.balcone_boissard@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3-3 ============================================================== Volcano Listserv is a collaborative venture among Arizona State University (ASU), Portland State University (PSU), the Global Volcanism Program (GVP) of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History, and the International Association for Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI). ASU - http://www.asu.edu/ PSU - https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://pdx.edu/__;!!IKRxdwAv5BmarQ!dLzZ36PDFaRRR-pHFc9NKJ_q4t51MBESB3c-hOpX4oZrX6HhmQVJKgr4mFbj6OK-gwDYmd3fmglpZCPP$ GVP - https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://www.volcano.si.edu/__;!!IKRxdwAv5BmarQ!dLzZ36PDFaRRR-pHFc9NKJ_q4t51MBESB3c-hOpX4oZrX6HhmQVJKgr4mFbj6OK-gwDYmd3fmn5TN5Ea$ IAVCEI - https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.iavceivolcano.org/__;!!IKRxdwAv5BmarQ!dLzZ36PDFaRRR-pHFc9NKJ_q4t51MBESB3c-hOpX4oZrX6HhmQVJKgr4mFbj6OK-gwDYmd3fmo4Nhc9X$ To unsubscribe from the volcano list, send the message: signoff volcano to: listserv@xxxxxxx, or write to: volcano-request@xxxxxxx. To contribute to the volcano list, send your message to: volcano@xxxxxxx. Please do not send attachments. ============================================================== ------------------------------ End of Volcano Digest - 6 Apr 2023 to 7 Apr 2023 (#2023-39) ***********************************************************
