*************************************************************************************
Short Course on Fluids in the Earth
From: Benedetto De Vivo <devivob@xxxxxxxxx>
*************************************************************************************
Short Course on Fluids in the Earth
to be held in Napoli, at the Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, University of Napoli Federico II, November 9-13th, 2009, within the Italian initiatives for the University System internazionalization (MIUR -2004-2006).
Dottorato Congiunto/Joined PhD program
Dinamica Interna dei Sistemi Magmatici di Vulcani Attivi
Internal Dynamics of Active Volcanoes Magmatic Systems
Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
(Responsible: Prof. B. De Vivo)
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
(Responsible: Prof. R. J. Bodnar)
Programme
Monday – November 9th, 2009
The Geohydrologic Cycle (Bodnar; 2 hours)
The whole Earth system can be divided into the following reservoirs for H2O: atmosphere, biosphere, oceans, surface water, groundwater, glaciers and polar ice, continental crust, oceanic crust, upper mantle, transition zone, lower mantle and core. The amount of H2O contained in each of these reservoirs will be discussed, as well as the fluxes of H2O between reservoirs and residence times for H2O in the different reservoirs.
Introduction to fluid inclusions and fluid phase equilibria (Bodnar; 5 hours)
Identification, analysis and application of fluid inclusions to geologic problems.
Tuesday – November 10th, 2009
Fluids in near-surface environments, including sedimentary basins and Mississippi Valley-type deposits (Bodnar; 2 hours)
As sediments are deposited and compacted during basin evolution, fluids of varying composition are generated and expelled from sediments during diagenesis. The compositions of fluids in sedimentary basins and origin of basinal brines will be discussed.
Deep Crust and Upper Mantle – Metamorphic and Mantle Fluids (Bodnar; 2 hours)
The compositions of metamorphic and mantle fluids show distinct and systematic variations as a function of metamorphic grade and host rock composition. Most metamorphic and mantle fluids are reasonably well approximated by the COH system, and the fluid speciation is controlled by the oxygen fugacity.
The Role of Fluids in Deformation and Geophysics (Bodnar; 1 hour)
The strength of minerals and rocks varies as a function of the amount of water present. The role of H2O in rock deformation will be discussed, as well as geophysical techniques for identifying the presence of water in the crust.
Fluids in magmatic – hydrothermal ore deposits (Bodnar; 2 hours)
Fluids in magmatic – hydrothermal systems transport and deposit metals to generate economic mineral deposits. Our current understanding of the role of fluids in the ore forming process in orogenic lode gold deposits, porphyry copper deposits, and epithermal precious metals deposits will be summarized.
Wednesday – November 11th, 2009
FIELD TRIP IN CAMPI FLEGREI - PROCIDA
Thursday – November 12th, 2009
Thermodynamics and Physics of Melt-Fluid ± Mineral Systems (Webster; 4 hours)
Volatile components in silicate melts influence melting temperatures and melt viscosity. Volatile components also influence the stability of minerals and fluids and consequently control larger processes including magma rheology and explosivity. The role of H2O and CO2 in these processes will be discussed.
Introduction to Melt inclusions (Danyushevsky; 2 hours)
Melt inclusions are small portions of melt trapped by crystals growing during magma evolution, and thus can represent ‘snapshot’ of the conditions that existed during crystallisation. In this lecture, trapping mechanisms of melt inclusions, their post-entrapment modifications, and experimental studies of melt inclusions will be discussed.
Using melt inclusions to constrain the origin of phenocrysts in strongly-phyric volcanic rocks (Danyushevsky; 1 hour)
An important implication of melt inclusions is to assess whether crystals in volcanic rocks crystallised from the same magma type as represented by the transporting melt (i.e., the groundmass of the rock), or are xenocrysts. Different examples from sudbuction-related volcanic suites will be shown.
Friday – November 13th, 2009
Thermodynamics and Physics of Melt-Fluid±Mineral Systems (Webster; 2 hours)
Sulfur and chlorine are also important magmatic volatile components and their influences on fluid exsolution, fluid geochemistry, and the generation of mineralizing magmatic-hydrothermal fluids will be addressed.
Timing crystallisation processes using melt inclusions; Using melt inclusions to determine komatiite melt compositions; Melt inclusion studies on Vesuvius (Danyushevsky; 2 hours)
Post-entrapment re-equilibration of melt inclusions with their hosts can be used to assess crystallisation rates of individual phenocrysts. Melt inclusions can be a powerful tool for recovering melt compositions in ancient volcanic suites, when the groundmass in the lavas is chemically modified by alteration. A summary of melt inclusion studies of Vesuvius will be presented.
Melt Inclusions in Intermediate to Felsic Magmas (Webster; 1 hour)
The use and misuse of geochemical data from silicate melt inclusions of felsic continental and subduction-zone magmas will be described.
Exam on material covered in the short course (2 hours)
There is no registration to pay. There will only individual contribution for the real cost of binding a booklet containing the lectures of the Course. The transportation, by ferry or hydrofoil, to the island of Procida for the field trip will be paid as well individually.
The students willing to participate should anyway send a notification to Prof. B. De Vivo (bdevivo@xxxxxxxx) by Oct. 31st.
============================================================== To unsubscribe from the volcano list, send the message: signoff volcano to: listserv@xxxxxxx, or write to: volcano-request@xxxxxxxx
To contribute to the volcano list, send your message to: volcano@xxxxxxxx Please do not send attachments. ==============================================================
