********************************************************************** From: Rick Wunderman <WUNDERMA@xxxxxx> ********************************************************************** Two messages came to me today, from Charles Holliday (AFWA) and Simon Carn (MTU), discussing dense SO2 plumes in Ethiopia that suggest a new eruption there. The most recent message, from Carn, is repeated below. I have forwarded both those messages to scientists in Ethiopia (Gezahegn Yirgu, Atalay Ayele, Shimeles Fisseha, Tadiwos Chernet, and Ato Kifle Damtew) but it is night there and I have not yet heard back. Here's Simon's message: "Yes, there appears to have been another effusive eruption in the Karbahi - Manda Hararo region of Afar. There was a MODIS thermal anomaly indicating surface lava flows. Preliminary analysis (based on SO2 emissions) suggests that it is larger than the Manda Hararo eruption in August 2007, but not as large as the Alu-Dalaffilla eruption last November. I haven't heard of any visual confirmation of the eruption from the ground yet." On the MODVOLC thermal alerts website [http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/cgi-bin/modis/modisnew.cgi ] the interface allows one to zoom in at specified coordinates. Entering those for Manda-Hararo (40.8E, 12.2N; degrees and decimal degrees) show a series of alerts spread over considerable area for as late as 30 June 2009. Going back in time, there appeared a large intense cluster (29 June), a less intense cluster (28-27 June), and then no hits on earlier days. A map appears in Volcanoes of the World, with comparatively few volcanoes identified surrounding Manda Hararo (Haroro Manda). The 2007 Bulletin report on that volcano contains a map of the area (BGVN 32:07), http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0201-115&volpage=var What follows is a table for the year ending today. The gist is that the first hit came on the 28th at 23:20; the last hit, on the 30th at 20:15. The last two columns indicate the Longitude and Latitude of the thermal alerts. 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.644123 12.258047 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.646481 12.241554 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.652515 12.235703 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.671944 12.267499 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.676365 12.278411 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.679394 12.261952 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.681980 12.245441 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.687908 12.239806 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.702736 12.270713 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.711769 12.265530 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.715351 12.249089 1246428900 T 2009 06 30 20 15 40.752781 12.253180 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.608288 12.254441 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.610359 12.269753 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.630913 12.237578 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.632599 12.252898 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.635658 12.235826 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.637478 12.251131 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.639572 12.266405 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.641552 12.281691 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.658020 12.218849 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.659935 12.234107 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.661957 12.249351 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.664841 12.232548 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.666897 12.247791 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.669247 12.263000 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.671692 12.278197 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.689575 12.230556 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.691929 12.245725 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.694649 12.229198 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.697056 12.244366 1246350300 A 2009 06 29 22 25 40.701424 12.259307 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.622288 12.275241 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.623684 12.266178 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.625084 12.257115 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.626488 12.248054 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.627899 12.238993 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.629337 12.229936 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.631664 12.276605 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.633060 12.267545 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.634449 12.258483 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.635841 12.249422 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.637238 12.240360 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.638645 12.231301 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.640072 12.222245 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.641041 12.277969 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.641499 12.213189 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.642448 12.268912 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.643509 12.287069 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.643829 12.259852 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.645210 12.250792 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.646595 12.241732 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.647987 12.232673 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.649391 12.223615 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.650429 12.279333 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.650803 12.214559 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.651848 12.270281 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.652222 12.205503 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.653217 12.261222 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.654583 12.252163 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.655968 12.243104 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.657356 12.234047 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.658749 12.224990 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.659821 12.280698 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.660149 12.215934 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.661213 12.271645 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.661549 12.206878 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.662601 12.262591 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.663960 12.253532 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.666721 12.235420 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.668106 12.226365 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.669250 12.282066 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.669495 12.217309 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.670589 12.273010 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.670883 12.208253 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.671967 12.263957 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.673340 12.254903 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.674709 12.245849 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.676090 12.236794 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.677467 12.227740 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.678741 12.283440 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.678852 12.218686 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.680054 12.274384 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.680241 12.209633 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.681385 12.265328 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.682743 12.256276 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.684116 12.247225 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.685482 12.238172 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.686855 12.229118 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.688217 12.220064 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.689541 12.275761 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.689606 12.211013 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.690865 12.266708 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.692184 12.257654 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.693508 12.248598 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.694862 12.239547 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.696239 12.230496 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.697609 12.221446 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.700470 12.268103 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.701721 12.259044 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.702953 12.249979 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.704281 12.240927 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.705624 12.231875 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.706993 12.222826 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.711094 12.260411 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.712402 12.251361 1246340100 T 2009 06 29 19 35 40.713722 12.242311 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.615902 12.234928 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.633057 12.267492 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.635639 12.252203 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.644733 12.240066 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.647469 12.224806 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.663036 12.272985 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.665489 12.257708 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.674557 12.245376 1246306500 A 2009 06 29 10 15 40.677021 12.230104 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.618877 12.226492 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.620968 12.238061 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.623058 12.249630 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.628132 12.246230 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.630093 12.257818 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.632957 12.212263 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.635105 12.223838 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.637333 12.235401 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.639317 12.247003 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.641171 12.258624 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.644321 12.243484 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.646156 12.255110 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.647915 12.266748 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.649448 12.209549 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.651596 12.221140 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.653549 12.232763 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.655437 12.244395 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.657234 12.256042 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.660385 12.240758 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.662209 12.252402 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.663910 12.264067 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.665852 12.206848 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.667812 12.218486 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.669708 12.230133 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.671570 12.241786 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.673306 12.253457 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.676464 12.238029 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.678173 12.249709 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.679844 12.261394 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.682098 12.204171 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.683987 12.215837 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.685764 12.227519 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.687485 12.239208 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.689148 12.250906 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.692375 12.235329 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.694057 12.247028 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.695217 12.258814 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.696301 12.189838 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.698174 12.201521 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.699986 12.213214 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.701725 12.224917 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.703396 12.236630 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.704784 12.248384 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.708241 12.232635 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.709557 12.244412 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.710800 12.256198 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.714176 12.198882 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.715923 12.210601 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.717537 12.222339 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.718990 12.234100 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.720467 12.245856 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.723724 12.230007 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.725266 12.241760 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.727188 12.253447 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.731560 12.208035 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.733097 12.219799 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.734749 12.231544 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.737118 12.243178 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.739594 12.227311 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.741966 12.238936 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.744026 12.250616 1246267200 A 2009 06 28 23 20 40.747410 12.205433 1246267200 A 2009 06 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