Hello again, > Don't do the --add operation until you've copied anything critical in the array to external backups (while running with 3 of 4). Everything from the array has been backed up elsewhere. Up until now the only writes intentionally done to the physical drives have been the new partition tables. Everything else has been through the overlay. Now I think I'm ready to run a --create as follows on the physical drives: mdadm --create /dev/md0 --assume-clean --data-offset=129536 --level=5 --chunk=512K --raid-devices=4 missing /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1 After that I'd try to re-add the rejected drive? mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb1 Part of me wonders about just rebuilding the whole thing and then copying the data back, but I don't know that would be any better then this path. Thanks, DJ