> I think starting pulseaudio at boot in the system mode makes most > sense for headless systems. I don't think another server-type > application should spawn it. > > When your server runs under a dedicated user, autospawning should work, > but then you'll probably run into problems with not having access to > the audio hardware, because typically the device permissions are > handled dynamically so that only the currently-active login session has > access. Trying to "fix" this by making the device permissions static > will cause breakage, because your music server will then hog the > hardware so that regular users can't access it anymore. It's probably > best if you use the PA_CONTEXT_NOAUTOSPAWN flag in your application > when connecting to pulseaudio, unless your application runs inside a > regular user login session. Thanks for the swift advice, I really appreciate that! Maybe this info would be good to have in the wiki? Could add it myself, once I get it working. An extra question, hope you don't mind. What is the explanation of the following behavior? (Raspbian, no desktop, just straight ssh terminal) pi at jessie ~ $ ps ax | grep pulse 25504 pts/0 S+ 0:00 grep --color=auto pulse pi at jessie ~ $ paplay test.wav (audio plays) pi at jessie ~ $ sudo su - root at jessie:~# killall pulseaudio root at jessie:~# paplay test.wav Connection failure: Connection refused pa_context_connect() failed: Connection refused Seems regular user can spawn Pulseaudio, but root can't? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/pulseaudio-discuss/attachments/20160901/80ea14bd/attachment.html>