You have to go through a captcha which is not audio to join the pulseaudio-discuss list. I'm sure this cc: will be rejected so I'll ask here too. The better pair of speakers I have has a single usb connection and is powered by the computer and takes data through that same usb connection. Unfortunately, freedesktop.org has got stuff all over linux including polkit that gets onto command line systems too by now. What I'm using for speakers gets power from the wall and gets data from a 3.5MM jack. Having read pulseaudio manuals pacmd and pactl I'm starting to understand a little but am pretty sure before the end of this reconfiguration attempt I'm going to have a college level calculus headache. The stuff referred to as documentation is that kind of documentation. What I'd like to do is to move speaker output post reboot on a stable basis over to a usb port and put that set of usb speakers to work. I'm thinking this may just be the time to first clean my system of pulseaudio and probably for good measure all other freedesktop.org packages and ban any of them from ever showing up on my system again. Once done, use alsa by itself to do the switch. I don't know that anyone on this list has ever managed anything like this, but if you have please share insights and experience. --