Hello. I've recently set-up a local network namespace for VPN purposes. While networking works without issue, if I try to play audio in a program within this namespace, no audio is heard, and nothing of the program shows up in pavucontrol. Researching this issue have mostly turned up threads about audio from docker containers. As I understand it, these containers are able to run their own instance of pulseaudio, so transferring audio over the network is no issue. Network namespaces are another issue, however, because a pulseaudio instance is already running on the host. I'm not able to start a second server, so network transfer doesn't seem to be possible. While I haven't tried yet, I expect my issue can be resolved by running pulseaudio in system-mode. Being the only user on the system, this shouldn't be an issue. But because there are several reasons not to run it in system-mode [1], I'm saving that for a last resort. So then, is it possible for pulseaudio to play the audio from a program within a network namespace? If that is the case, how is that done? Cheers, [1] https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Documentation/User/WhatIsWrongWithSystemWide/ -- Tmplt | keybase.io/tmplt -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: signature.asc Type: application/pgp-signature Size: 884 bytes Desc: OpenPGP digital signature URL: <https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/pulseaudio-discuss/attachments/20160731/405857bc/attachment.sig>