Hello This (=&) is used in the variable references. in $ref=&$array["2"] line $ref variable and $array["2"] variable point at the same address. if you assign any value to this any variables, both of them will change their values because echo($ref) line display b on the screen. -- Haydar TUNA Republic Of Turkey - Ministry of National Education Education Technology Department Ankara / TURKEY Web: http://www.haydartuna.net "OKi98" <oki98@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote in message news:45D184C0.2060208@xxxxxxxxxxxxx > Peter Beckman wrote: > >> Because I'm trying to point out a problem with PHP, where setting a >> reference when the other side is undefined or not set, PHP creates a >> reference to a previously non-existent array item, just by setting a >> reference. I don't think that should happen. >> > And? what's wrong with that. The reference can be used in the future - I > think thats why it doesnt produce any error message. > ie. > $array=array("1"=>"a","3"=>"c"); > $ref=&$array["2"]; > $array["2"]="b"; > echo($ref); > > > OKi98 -- PHP Database Mailing List (http://www.php.net/) To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php