> Robert, how do the results differ from your expectations? > > David It's hard to wrap my mind around the concept that the assignment operator itself has an operator precedence. Which means that one could write expressions without any assignment at all, and be syntactically correct. I cannot believe that the later release of php brought this out, it must have always been there. In my case it was evidenced by the subsequent open a nonexistent file instruction which provided a warning message; that warning must somehow have been inhibited in the earlier php installation, so I never knew about my incorrect "and" usage. It's a shared database program which has been operational for five years with no detected bugs. I actually feel better believing that the newer php version probably had no effect whatsoever on my code, just a warning message -- so the code itself is most likely just as solid (or not) as it ever was. I do tend to overuse parentheses in my code just for clarity, I slipped and left them out for the so simple statement A = B and C. Live and learn! Thanks, ---Robert -- PHP General Mailing List (http://www.php.net/) To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php