I believe the constructor returns the object created, with no chance in userland code of altering that fact, over-riding the return value, or any other jiggery-pokery to that effect. New causes the constructor to be called in the first place, and that's about it. The assignment to a variable is done by the assignment operator "=" and is not required if you don't have any need to actually keep the object around in a variable. -- Some people have a "gift" link here. Know what I want? I want you to buy a CD from some indie artist. http://cdbaby.com/from/lynch Yeah, I get a buck. So? -- PHP General Mailing List (http://www.php.net/) To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php