consider the following statement: $language = isset($_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE"]) && $_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE"] != "" ? $_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE"] : "*"; when using strings in arrays that may be non-existing or empty, you have to repeat the reference *three* times, which gets excessive and unreadable. is there any way to only have to write $_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE"] only once? i know it's possible to supress "is not set" with @, but that just seems wrong in case there really is an error in the statement. i love php, but this is one of my pet peeves. -- PHP General Mailing List (http://www.php.net/) To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php