Hi, Please visit http://www.phpcertification.com/manual.php/functions.arguments.html#func tions.arguments.by-reference Hope it will be helpful. zareef Ahmed -----Original Message----- From: Jonathan Chum [mailto:jchum@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] Sent: Monday, November 08, 2004 9:52 AM To: php-general@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: OOP, Out of Scope Issue I have a class called FrontEnd which extends a TemplateManager class. The purpose of the TemplateManager class is to initate Smarty. So my FrontEnd constructor looks like this: function FrontEnd() { $db = new DatabaseConnection(); $this->db = $db->initDatabase(); $this->sm = $this->initTemplate(); } I have another function: function DisplayMain($parentID) { if (!isset($parentID)) $parentID = '1'; $product = new Products($this->db, $this->sm); $category = new Categories($this->db, $this->sm); $category->FetchCategories($parentID); $product->FetchProducts($parentID); $this->DisplayPage('display-products'); } I'm passing in an instance of the smarty object instantiated by the FrontEnd constructor into Products and Categories. The FetchCategories and FetchProducts methods will take the smarty instance and assign the variables into the template, assuming it's the same instance of Smarty. The problem I'm having is that it sees in each class a new instance of Smarty or a copy of the object which when I call DisplayPage, a method within the FrontEnd class, it doesn't see all of the variables I assigned earlier by FetchProducts and FetchCategories even though I've not declared a new instance of Smarty. How can I fix it so that it uses the same Smarty object and not a copy? ------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- Zareef Ahmed :: A PHP develoepr in Delhi ( India ) Homepage :: http://www.zasaifi.com -- PHP General Mailing List (http://www.php.net/) To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php