It occurred to me that a simple explanation for a core dump there would
be if something had scribbled past the end of the preceding palloc
chunk. That would tend to clobber the "context" link of the palloc
chunk after it, which would send GetMemoryChunkSpace off into
never-never land following a trashed pointer.
That doesn't get us very much closer to a solution, but it does suggest
that you might learn something if you try this with an assert-enabled
build (configure --enable-cassert). Also, are there any contrib modules
or third-party add-on modules or home-brew C functions that you're using?
in reverse order: no third-party, no contrib, no home-brew C. here is a stack trace from a fresh build of 9.1 beta 1 built with enable-cassert.
Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x0000000000744777 in AllocSetAlloc (context=0x13f6d08, size=16) at aset.c:639
639 Assert(chunk->size >= size);
#0 0x0000000000744777 in AllocSetAlloc (context=0x13f6d08, size=16) at aset.c:639
#1 0x000000000074d07b in readtup_index (state=0x1453568, stup=0x7fffa5135010, tapenum=0, len=<value optimized out>) at tuplesort.c:3258
#2 0x000000000074a57c in mergeprereadone (state=0x1453568, srcTape=0) at tuplesort.c:2157
#3 0x000000000074a9d3 in tuplesort_gettuple_common (state=0x1453568, forward=<value optimized out>, stup=0x7fffa51350a0, should_free=<value optimized out>) at tuplesort.c:1491
#4 0x000000000074ac96 in tuplesort_getindextuple (state=0x13f6d08, forward=16 '\020', should_free=0x10 <Address 0x10 out of bounds>) at tuplesort.c:1580
#5 0x000000000048d076 in _bt_load (btspool=<value optimized out>, btspool2=<value optimized out>) at nbtsort.c:786
#6 _bt_leafbuild (btspool=<value optimized out>, btspool2=<value optimized out>) at nbtsort.c:224
#7 0x000000000048788c in btbuild (fcinfo=<value optimized out>) at nbtree.c:142
#8 0x000000000072d55c in OidFunctionCall3Coll (functionId=<value optimized out>, collation=0, arg1=140144035752040, arg2=21827704, arg3=20972800) at fmgr.c:1645
#9 0x00000000004d095d in index_build (heapRelation=0x7f75d377e868, indexRelation=0x14d1078, indexInfo=0x1400500, isprimary=<value optimized out>, isreindex=0 '\000') at index.c:1737
#10 0x00000000004d31c5 in index_create (heapRelation=<value optimized out>, indexRelationName=<value optimized out>, indexRelationId=<value optimized out>, indexInfo=0x1400500, indexColNames=<value optimized out>, accessMethodObjectId=<value optimized out>, tableSpaceId=0, collationObjectId=0x1400618, classObjectId=0x1400638, coloptions=0x1400658, reloptions=0, isprimary=1 '\001', isconstraint=1 '\001', deferrable=0 '\000', initdeferred=0 '\000', allow_system_table_mods=0 '\000', skip_build=0 '\000', concurrent=0 '\000') at index.c:1067
#11 0x000000000054bd81 in DefineIndex (heapRelation=<value optimized out>, indexRelationName=<value optimized out>, indexRelationId=<value optimized out>, accessMethodName=<value optimized out>, tableSpaceName=<value optimized out>, attributeList=0x85cf3e, predicate=0x0, options=0x0, exclusionOpNames=0x0, unique=1 '\001', primary=1 '\001', isconstraint=1 '\001', deferrable=<value optimized out>, initdeferred=<value optimized out>, is_alter_table=1 '\001', check_rights=1 '\001', skip_build=0 '\000', quiet=0 '\000', concurrent=<value optimized out>) at indexcmds.c:397
#12 0x000000000055b115 in ATExecAddIndex (tab=0x13bb038, rel=<value optimized out>, stmt=0x14001d8, is_rebuild=0 '\000', lockmode=<value optimized out>) at tablecmds.c:5173
#13 0x00000000005653c9 in ATExecCmd (wqueue=<value optimized out>, tab=0x13bb038, rel=0x7f75d377e868, cmd=0x14001a0, lockmode=6) at tablecmds.c:3074
#14 0x0000000000565fc5 in ATRewriteCatalogs (rel=<value optimized out>, cmds=<value optimized out>, recurse=<value optimized out>, lockmode=6) at tablecmds.c:3001
#15 ATController (rel=<value optimized out>, cmds=<value optimized out>, recurse=<value optimized out>, lockmode=6) at tablecmds.c:2735
#16 0x000000000066bda5 in standard_ProcessUtility (parsetree=<value optimized out>, queryString=0x13ad538 "ALTER TABLE ONLY transactions\n ADD CONSTRAINT transactions_pkey PRIMARY KEY (id);", params=0x0, isTopLevel=1 '\001', dest=0x13ae5a8, completionTag=0x7fffa5135e30 "") at utility.c:767
#17 0x00000000006674b7 in PortalRunUtility (portal=0x1329078, utilityStmt=0x13ae220, isTopLevel=16 '\020', dest=0x13ae5a8, completionTag=0x7fffa5135e30 "") at pquery.c:1184
#18 0x0000000000668740 in PortalRunMulti (portal=0x1329078, isTopLevel=1 '\001', dest=<value optimized out>, altdest=0x13ae5a8, completionTag=0x7fffa5135e30 "") at pquery.c:1315
#19 0x0000000000668f52 in PortalRun (portal=<value optimized out>, count=<value optimized out>, isTopLevel=16 '\020', dest=<value optimized out>, altdest=<value optimized out>, completionTag=<value optimized out>) at pquery.c:813
#20 0x000000000066518b in exec_simple_query (query_string=<value optimized out>) at postgres.c:1018
#21 0x000000000066615b in PostgresMain (argc=<value optimized out>, argv=<value optimized out>, username=<value optimized out>) at postgres.c:3924
#22 0x000000000061d2f1 in BackendRun () at postmaster.c:3600
#23 BackendStartup () at postmaster.c:3285
#24 ServerLoop () at postmaster.c:1454
#25 0x000000000061fc9d in PostmasterMain (argc=3, argv=0x1305880) at postmaster.c:1115
#26 0x00000000005b9720 in main (argc=3, argv=0x1305870) at main.c:199
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