Select Where using character varying ??

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Hi Guys
 
I am printing names into a combo box and posting the variable. I try and use the name ($Sem) in an SQL statement; WHERE name = $Sem; but I get an error which is displayed near the end of this message. Are we able compare php string to postgresql character varying??  not sure how else to do the selection
 
 
$conn = pg_Connect("host=localhost dbname=#### user=#### password=####");
   if (!$conn) {echo "An database connection error occurred.\n"; exit;}
 
 
// e.g. $Sem = "seminar one";
 
$Sem = $_POST['Seminars'];
 
 
$Sem_No = pg_Exec($conn,"SELECT seminar_id FROM seminar WHERE name = $Sem");
 if (!$SemNo) {echo "A query error occurred in retreiving the selected seminar's ID <br>"; /*exit;*/}
$Sem_No = pg_Result($Sem_No, 0);
 
// Error Message
 
Warning: pg_exec() [function.pg-exec]: Query failed: ERROR: syntax error at or near "one" at character 54 in /home/bdwilko/public_html/jet/form/insertP.php on line 56
A query error occurred in retreiving the selected seminar's ID
 
 
Table:  seminar
Column     Type Not Null Default Actions Comment
seminar_id integer NOT NULL nextval('seminar_seminar_id_seq'::regclass) AlterDrop
name                          character varying AlterDrop
address                       character varying AlterDrop
date                           date                  AlterDrop
description                  character varying AlterDrop
notes                         character varying AlterDrop

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