On Mon, Apr 17, 2023 at 7:43 PM peter plachta <pplachta@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: > Version: I sheepishly admit it's 9.6, 10 and 11 (it's Azure Single Server, that's another story). If you can upgrade to 14, you'll find that there is much improved management of index updates on that version: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/btree-implementation.html#BTREE-DELETION But it's not clear what the problem really is here. If the problem is that you're dependent on vacuum to get acceptable response times by holding back index bloat, then an upgrade could easily help a lot. But an upgrade might not make VACUUM take less time, given that you've already tuned it fairly aggressively. It depends. An upgrade might make VACUUM go faster if you set vacuum_cost_page_miss to 2, which is the default on later versions anyway -- looks like you didn't touch that. And, as Thomas said, later versions do have parallel VACUUM, though that cannot be used by autovacuum workers. -- Peter Geoghegan
