Hi I hope my article can deliver more enlightenment regarding VMA mapping and its relationship with ELF :) http://www.linuxforums.org/misc/understanding_elf_using_readelf_and_objdump.html regards, Mulyadi -- To unsubscribe from this list: send an email with "unsubscribe kernelnewbies" to ecartis@xxxxxxxxxxxx Please read the FAQ at http://kernelnewbies.org/FAQ