when i run "pmap" to examine the VMAs corresponding to, say, init, how am i supposed to interpret the "Offset" column. here: # pmap -d 1 1: init [5] Address Kbytes Mode Offset Device Mapping 00110000 4 r-x-- 0000000000110000 000:00000 [ anon ] 00967000 220 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00000 libsepol.so.1 0099e000 4 rwx-- 0000000000036000 0fd:00000 libsepol.so.1 00a3d000 100 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00000 libselinux.so.1 00a56000 8 rwx-- 0000000000018000 0fd:00000 libselinux.so.1 00ab0000 108 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00000 ld-2.7.so 00acb000 4 r-x-- 000000000001a000 0fd:00000 ld-2.7.so 00acc000 4 rwx-- 000000000001b000 0fd:00000 ld-2.7.so ... etc etc ... so there's my listing of VMAs corresponding to the "init" process, and i can see the addresses of each VMA, but what is the informational value in the Offset field? if you look at the two entries for, say, libsepol.so.1, those have distinct addresses, but the first entry has an offset of zero, while the second has an offset of 0x36000. is that offset meant to represent the offset with respect to the beginning of a multi-VMA file? or what? thanks. rday -- ======================================================================== Robert P. J. Day Linux Consulting, Training and Annoying Kernel Pedantry: Have classroom, will lecture. http://crashcourse.ca Waterloo, Ontario, CANADA ======================================================================== -- To unsubscribe from this list: send an email with "unsubscribe kernelnewbies" to ecartis@xxxxxxxxxxxx Please read the FAQ at http://kernelnewbies.org/FAQ