Hello, Just typing 'make install' will do copying bzImage to /boot at step(2) and step (3) (4) (5) (6). > 1.i've made a copy of exixting kernel as testlinux. > 2.configured,compiled,and copied the bzimage to /boot It seems to me that you are attempting combinations of "original kernel" and "initrd for compiled kernel". Why not use "compiled kernel" and "initrd for compiled kernel" ? > VFS: cannot open root device "LABEL=/" > Please append a corect "root=" boot option > Kernel panic:VFS :Unable to mount root fs on 00.00 Can you find more error messages before these lines? For example, failure message of insmod. May be you forgot to choose kernel options needed to mount root fs (i.e. ext3 filesystem driver, HDD driver). But if mkinitrd didn't error, I think needed modules are compiled. -- Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/