Hi As u wrote that there will be some delay before the changes gets propagated to disk. Can u please explain me the reason for this? Also tell me is it mentioned in some book or documented somewhere? Because I need to mention this fact in documentation of my college project so I need some proof for this. Regards, Dipti. -----Original Message----- From: kernelnewbies-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:kernelnewbies-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxx]On Behalf Of Jim Bauer Sent: Thursday, June 09, 2005 8:37 PM To: kernelnewbies@xxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: Re: Is file deleted imidiately after firing rm command? On Thursday 09 June 2005 03:11, Dipti Pawar wrote: > Hi > After firing the rm filename command is the file deleted immediately by > kernel or > does it lists such files and then delete them from system after a some > specific interval? The 'rm' command (or unlink() system call, which it uses) just removes the file *name* and decrements a reference count on the inode of the file. Only when the reference count goes to 0 is the inode freed. The reference count includes hard links in the filesystem as well as all open()ed and mmap()ed references as well. When the inode is freed, there will still be some delay before that change gets propagated to the disk. As for the shred command that was mentioned, it won't work very well on certain types of filesystems (e.g. ones that use a Journal). The manpage has more restrictions. -- Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/ http://www.patni.com World-Wide Partnerships. World-Class Solutions. _____________________________________________________________________ This e-mail message may contain proprietary, confidential or legally privileged information for the sole use of the person or entity to whom this message was originally addressed. Any review, e-transmission dissemination or other use of or taking of any action in reliance upon this information by persons or entities other than the intended recipient is prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error kindly delete this e-mail from your records. If it appears that this mail has been forwarded to you without proper authority, please notify us immediately at netadmin@xxxxxxxxx and delete this mail. _____________________________________________________________________