Iam using RHL 9, kernel vs 2.4.20-8. I have two machines. Machine 1 (IP 172.27.22.201) has two IP Aliases. 10.0.1.1 and 10.0.1.2. Machine 2 (IP 172.27.22.232) has a IP alias 10.0.2.1. (IP Alias is created using cmd #ifconfig eth0:1 10.0.0.1) I want to send a packet from 10.0.1.1 (m/c 1) --> 10.0.2.1 (m/c 2) --> 10.0.1.2 (m/c 3). In Machine 1, Iam capturing a packet from 10.0.1.1 to 10.0.1.2 at netfilter hook NF_IP_LOCAL_OUT. First to send the packet to 10.0.2.1 (m/c 2), I need to send the packet to Machine 2. For sending the packet to machine 2 Iam doing the following changes in sk_buff structure of the packet. sb->dev = dev_get_by_name("eth0"); Previously I captured the object of struct dst_entry * from a skbuffer of a packet going to Machine 2(for m/c 2 IP. Not to its alias) . Now, for the currently outgoing packet to m/c 2 IP Alias, Iam filling the sk_buff field struct dst_entry * with the previously captured dst_entry * object. sb->dst = my_dst_entry; // previously captured dst_entry Next Iam doing the following changes in the packet Header. Iam adding another IP Header (i.e. IP-over-IP) with src IP 10.0.1.1 and dst IP 10.0.2.1. Iam changing the protocol field in the outer IP Header to IP-over-IP value. I changed the total len field and calculated the new checksum. Next Iam filling the MAC Header fields. src MAC as the MAC address of m/c 1 and dst MAC as the MAC address of m/c 2 and type of packet to IP. Now iam returning NF_ACCEPT. Iam receiving the packet at machine 2. Now I captured the packet at netfilter-hook NF_IP_PRE_ROUTING. Now I want to send the packet to 10.0.1.2 (m/c 1). For this Iam changing the sk_buff fields, outer IP Header fileds and MAC Header fields as before. Next Iam calling the dev_queue_xmit() to send the packet to machine 1. Iam receiving the packet at m/c 1 netfilter hook NF_IP_PRE_ROUTING. But the packet is *not* reaching the Application. Why it is not reaching the application ? Whether I need to fill any other fields in the sk_buff structure. Iam using i) ping command ii) udp sockets to send packets at the application layer. Thanks n Regards, Sridhar. -- Kernelnewbies: Help each other learn about the Linux kernel. Archive: http://mail.nl.linux.org/kernelnewbies/ FAQ: http://kernelnewbies.org/faq/