Query relating to basic Kernel concepts.

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hi all,
              The following is been quoted from : "Unreliable Guide To
Hacking The Linux Kernel"

"At any time each of the CPUs in a system can be:

1) not associated with any process, serving a hardware interrupt;

2) not associated with any process, serving a softirq, tasklet or bh;

3) running in kernel space, associated with a process;

4) running a process in user space. "

I have some confusions here .
In (3) running in kernel space, associated with a process;  - can this
state be understood as  - the kernel is executing a system call() on
behalf of a process ?
i'am not clear about the last one (4) too . I understood it as the CPU
executing a statement like -
count = count + 1;
in a user program.
Please feel free to correct me,if my understanding is wrong .


Thanks for your time.

cheers,
Amith








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