I have an installation test environment, where occasionally an issue is observed causing volume group creation to fail. At the beginning of test, the disk contains four partitions. --- # parted -l Model: ATA Micron_5100_MTFD (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 480GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 525MB 524MB fat16 EFI system partition boot, esp 2 525MB 1050MB 524MB Linux filesystem 3 1050MB 33.3GB 32.2GB ext4 Linux LVM lvm 4 33.3GB 463GB 429GB Linux LVM lvm --- The intention is to create a new partition /dev/sda6 and volume group VG_TEST. Since the volume group might have been created in earlier tests, a pre-cleanup is done first. When the issue hits, the vgremove command output says that group does not exist, but the vgcreate command fails with error that it already exists. --- # sgdisk --new=6:904849408:925820927 --change-name=6:TEST-FS /dev/sda Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) The operation has completed successfully. # sleep 5 # partprobe /dev/sda # vgremove -f VG_TEST Volume group "VG_TEST" not found Cannot process volume group VG_TEST # rm -rf /dev/VG_TEST # pvcreate -ffy /dev/sda6 Physical volume "/dev/sda6" successfully created. # vgcreate VG_TEST /dev/sda6 /dev/VG_TEST: already exists in filesystem Run `vgcreate --help' for more information. --- (The removal of /dev/VG_TEST was added based on a suggestion found at https://listman.redhat.com/archives/linux-lvm/2003-February/009721.html but it did not help anyways.) At the end of the test, output of below commands were collected. Here, lsblk shows this group, but it is missing in vgs output. --- # lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS sda 8:0 0 447.1G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part ├─sda2 8:2 0 500M 0 part ├─sda3 8:3 0 30G 0 part /var/lib/docker ├─sda4 8:4 0 400G 0 part │ ├─VG_System-.. │ .. └─sda6 8:6 0 10G 0 part └─VG_TEST-sysimg 252:23 0 9G 0 lvm sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom sr1 11:1 1 1024M 0 rom # vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree VG_System 1 23 0 wz--n- <400.00g 138.87g # pvs PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree /dev/sda4 VG_System lvm2 a-- <400.00g 138.87g /dev/sda6 lvm2 --- 10.00g 10.00g --- What could be causing this issue? How to correctly cleanup the volume group?