Zachary Amsden wrote: > "Who can discern his errors? Forgive my hidden faults." In general that Book doesn't give much in the way of architectural certainty. 3.12 IA32SDM isn't much better: Whenever a page-directory or page-table entry is changed (including when the present flag is set to zero), the operating-system must immediately invalidate the corresponding entry in the TLB so that it can be updated the next time the entry is referenced. The parenthetic clause is annoyingly ambiguous: does it mean "when the present flag is currently set to 0" or "when setting the present flag to 0"? The passive voice should always be avoided. > Oh, wow. Unfortunately, the complexity isn't from how frequent or > rare a kmapped PT access is, it is from it being there at all. We'll see how it works out. What actually needs to do cross-process pagetable manipulation? Fork? ptrace? J