I went in using make xconfig, instead of make menuconfig and found my sound card greyed out under the OSS drivers. Choosing OSS modules gave me access to cs4232. I'm trusting that make dep is resolving the dependencies and making those other sound modules also available. I'm now making modules_install and nearly ready to test the new kernel. I still need help with the middleware question raised before, though. Even assuming that this is going to make my sound work for me again. -- Hugh