One more suggestion for refinement: I believe creating an alias for speakup initialization is the most useful way to go. Here's why: You can create the alias in whatever file you use, and then execute there as well. The benefit is that you then also have a simple command you can type anytime to reinitialize should you goof up settings as you work, or should the synth die mysteriously (as my old litetalk does far too often)! -- Janina Sajka, Director Technology Research and Development Governmental Relations Group American Foundation for the Blind (AFB) Email: janina at afb.net Phone: (202) 408-8175 Chair, Accessibility SIG Open Electronic Book Forum (OEBF) http://www.openebook.org