I find it rather amusing when people talk about windows as if it represents a singular system. Especially in terms of memory management and multi-tasking. I have studied the architecture, and can assure you that this is the main area you will find differences between versions. You will find major changes between Win3.x, Win9.x, NT3.5 and NT4. Thus when speaking about how such things, you must qualify them with which versions you are speaking about. Also, within the same version there can be several modes going on. For instance in NT4 and later, legacy 16 bits apps share a common memory space and task switch among themselves. But the virtual machine they reside in is using mapped memory and is in a pre-emptive environment. ======= Kirk Wood Cpt.Kirk at 1tree.net The mind is like a parachute; it works much better when open. If your too open minded, your brains will fall out.