Prepare for a more fine-grained tracking of expression constness in the
sense of C99 [6.4.4, 6.6].
User-visible behaviour remains unchanged.
The current implementation tags an expression with either combination
of the flags Int_const_expr and Float_literal, the latter being only
used to tell that
(int).0
is indeed an integer constant expression.
Even if sparse attempted to verify that initializers for static storage
duration objects are constant expressions [6.7.8(4)] (which it
currently does not), it could not tell reliably.
Examples:
1.)
static float a = { (float)0 }; /* allowed by C99 */
'(float)0' is not an integer constant expression, but an arithmetic
one.
2.)
enum { b = 0 };
static void *c = { (void*)b }; /* disallowed by C99 */
References to enum members are not allowed in address constants
[6.6(9)] and thus, the initializer is not a constant expression at
all.
Introduce a broader set of constness tracking flags, resembling the
four types of constants [6.4.4] (integer, floating, enumeration,
character) and the three types of constant expressions [6.6] (integer,
arithmetic, address). Use helper functions to consistently set and
clear these flags as they are not completely independent.
Signed-off-by: Nicolai Stange <nicstange@xxxxxxxxx>
---
evaluate.c | 69 ++++++++++++++++++-------------
expand.c | 2 +-
expression.c | 66 ++++++++++++++++++-----------
expression.h | 133 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
4 files changed, 212 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-)
diff --git a/evaluate.c b/evaluate.c
index 035e448..7324fb4 100644
--- a/evaluate.c
+++ b/evaluate.c
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ static struct symbol *bad_expr_type(struct expression *expr)
break;
}
- expr->flags = 0;
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
return expr->ctype = &bad_ctype;
}
@@ -880,8 +880,9 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_logical(struct expression *expr)
/* the result is int [6.5.13(3), 6.5.14(3)] */
expr->ctype = &int_ctype;
if (expr->flags) {
- if (!(expr->left->flags & expr->right->flags & Int_const_expr))
- expr->flags = 0;
+ if (!(expr->left->flags & expr->right->flags &
+ EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR))
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
}
return &int_ctype;
}
@@ -894,8 +895,9 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_binop(struct expression *expr)
int op = expr->op;
if (expr->flags) {
- if (!(expr->left->flags & expr->right->flags & Int_const_expr))
- expr->flags = 0;
+ if (!(expr->left->flags & expr->right->flags &
+ EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR))
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
}
/* number op number */
@@ -986,7 +988,7 @@ static inline int is_null_pointer_constant(struct expression *e)
{
if (e->ctype == &null_ctype)
return 1;
- if (!(e->flags & Int_const_expr))
+ if (!(e->flags & EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR))
return 0;
return is_zero_constant(e) ? 2 : 0;
}
@@ -1001,8 +1003,9 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_compare(struct expression *expr)
const char *typediff;
if (expr->flags) {
- if (!(expr->left->flags & expr->right->flags & Int_const_expr))
- expr->flags = 0;
+ if (!(expr->left->flags & expr->right->flags &
+ EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR))
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
}
/* Type types? */
@@ -1120,10 +1123,11 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_conditional_expression(struct expression *expr)
}
if (expr->flags) {
- int flags = expr->conditional->flags & Int_const_expr;
+ int flags = (expr->conditional->flags &
+ expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR));
flags &= (*true)->flags & expr->cond_false->flags;
if (!flags)
- expr->flags = 0;
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
}
lclass = classify_type(ltype, <ype);
@@ -1681,7 +1685,7 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_addressof(struct expression *expr)
}
ctype = op->ctype;
*expr = *op->unop;
- expr->flags = 0;
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
if (expr->type == EXPR_SYMBOL) {
struct symbol *sym = expr->symbol;
@@ -1709,7 +1713,7 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_dereference(struct expression *expr)
/* Simplify: *&(expr) => (expr) */
if (op->type == EXPR_PREOP && op->op == '&') {
*expr = *op->unop;
- expr->flags = 0;
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
return expr->ctype;
}
@@ -1799,8 +1803,8 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_sign(struct expression *expr)
{
struct symbol *ctype = expr->unop->ctype;
int class = classify_type(ctype, &ctype);
- if (expr->flags && !(expr->unop->flags & Int_const_expr))
- expr->flags = 0;
+ if (expr->flags && !(expr->unop->flags & EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR))
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
/* should be an arithmetic type */
if (!(class & TYPE_NUM))
return bad_expr_type(expr);
@@ -1854,8 +1858,9 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_preop(struct expression *expr)
return evaluate_postop(expr);
case '!':
- if (expr->flags && !(expr->unop->flags & Int_const_expr))
- expr->flags = 0;
+ if (expr->flags && !(expr->unop->flags &
+ EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR))
+ expr->flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
if (is_safe_type(ctype))
warning(expr->pos, "testing a 'safe expression'");
if (is_float_type(ctype)) {
@@ -2734,14 +2739,19 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_cast(struct expression *expr)
class1 = classify_type(ctype, &t1);
- /* cast to non-integer type -> not an integer constant expression */
- if (!is_int(class1))
- expr->flags = 0;
+ /* cast to non-numeric type -> not an arithmetic expression */
+ if (!(class1 & TYPE_NUM))
+ expr->flags &=
+ ~expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_ARITH_CONST_EXPR);
+ /* cast to float type -> not an integer constant expression */
+ else if (class1 & TYPE_FLOAT)
+ expr->flags &= ~expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
/* if argument turns out to be not an integer constant expression *and*
it was not a floating literal to start with -> too bad */
- else if (expr->flags == Int_const_expr &&
- !(target->flags & Int_const_expr))
- expr->flags = 0;
+ else if (!(target->flags &
+ (EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR | EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST)))
+ expr->flags &= ~expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
+
/*
* You can always throw a value away by casting to
* "void" - that's an implicit "force". Note that
@@ -2803,7 +2813,7 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_cast(struct expression *expr)
"cast adds address space to expression (<asn:%d>)", as1);
if (!(t1->ctype.modifiers & MOD_PTRINHERIT) && class1 == TYPE_PTR &&
- !as1 && (target->flags & Int_const_expr)) {
+ !as1 && (target->flags & EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR)) {
if (t1->ctype.base_type == &void_ctype) {
if (is_zero_constant(target)) {
/* NULL */
@@ -2933,7 +2943,7 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_offsetof(struct expression *expr)
}
ctype = field;
expr->type = EXPR_VALUE;
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
expr->value = offset;
expr->taint = 0;
expr->ctype = size_t_ctype;
@@ -2951,7 +2961,8 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_offsetof(struct expression *expr)
ctype = ctype->ctype.base_type;
if (!expr->index) {
expr->type = EXPR_VALUE;
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags
+ = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
expr->value = 0;
expr->taint = 0;
expr->ctype = size_t_ctype;
@@ -2968,13 +2979,14 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_offsetof(struct expression *expr)
m = alloc_const_expression(expr->pos,
bits_to_bytes(ctype->bit_size));
m->ctype = size_t_ctype;
- m->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ m->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
expr->type = EXPR_BINOP;
expr->left = idx;
expr->right = m;
expr->op = '*';
expr->ctype = size_t_ctype;
- expr->flags = m->flags & idx->flags & Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags = m->flags & idx->flags &
+ expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
}
}
if (e) {
@@ -2985,7 +2997,8 @@ static struct symbol *evaluate_offsetof(struct expression *expr)
if (!evaluate_expression(e))
return NULL;
expr->type = EXPR_BINOP;
- expr->flags = e->flags & copy->flags & Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags = e->flags & copy->flags &
+ expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
expr->op = '+';
expr->ctype = size_t_ctype;
expr->left = copy;
diff --git a/expand.c b/expand.c
index 0f6720c..afca611 100644
--- a/expand.c
+++ b/expand.c
@@ -1212,7 +1212,7 @@ static int expand_statement(struct statement *stmt)
static inline int bad_integer_constant_expression(struct expression *expr)
{
- if (!(expr->flags & Int_const_expr))
+ if (!(expr->flags & EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR))
return 1;
if (expr->taint & Taint_comma)
return 1;
diff --git a/expression.c b/expression.c
index 7293d47..8582dc9 100644
--- a/expression.c
+++ b/expression.c
@@ -131,7 +131,8 @@ static struct token *parse_type(struct token *token, struct expression **tree)
{
struct symbol *sym;
*tree = alloc_expression(token->pos, EXPR_TYPE);
- (*tree)->flags = Int_const_expr; /* sic */
+ (*tree)->flags
+ = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR); /* sic */
token = typename(token, &sym, NULL);
if (sym->ident)
sparse_error(token->pos,
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ static struct token *builtin_types_compatible_p_expr(struct token *token,
{
struct expression *expr = alloc_expression(
token->pos, EXPR_COMPARE);
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
expr->op = SPECIAL_EQUAL;
token = token->next;
if (!match_op(token, '('))
@@ -200,7 +201,7 @@ static struct token *builtin_offsetof_expr(struct token *token,
return expect(token, ')', "at end of __builtin_offset");
case SPECIAL_DEREFERENCE:
e = alloc_expression(token->pos, EXPR_OFFSETOF);
- e->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ e->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
e->op = '[';
*p = e;
p = &e->down;
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@ static struct token *builtin_offsetof_expr(struct token *token,
case '.':
token = token->next;
e = alloc_expression(token->pos, EXPR_OFFSETOF);
- e->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ e->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
e->op = '.';
if (token_type(token) != TOKEN_IDENT) {
sparse_error(token->pos, "Expected member name");
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ static struct token *builtin_offsetof_expr(struct token *token,
case '[':
token = token->next;
e = alloc_expression(token->pos, EXPR_OFFSETOF);
- e->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ e->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
e->op = '[';
token = parse_expression(token, &e->index);
token = expect(token, ']',
@@ -336,7 +337,7 @@ got_it:
"likely to produce unsigned long (and a warning) here",
show_token(token));
expr->type = EXPR_VALUE;
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST);
expr->ctype = ctype_integer(size, want_unsigned);
expr->value = value;
return;
@@ -361,7 +362,7 @@ Float:
else
goto Enoint;
- expr->flags = Float_literal;
+ expr->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST);
expr->type = EXPR_FVALUE;
return;
@@ -376,7 +377,7 @@ struct token *primary_expression(struct token *token, struct expression **tree)
switch (token_type(token)) {
case TOKEN_CHAR ... TOKEN_WIDE_CHAR_EMBEDDED_3:
expr = alloc_expression(token->pos, EXPR_VALUE);
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_CHAR_CONST);
expr->ctype = token_type(token) < TOKEN_WIDE_CHAR ? &int_ctype : &long_ctype;
get_char_constant(token, &expr->value);
token = token->next;
@@ -390,7 +391,7 @@ struct token *primary_expression(struct token *token, struct expression **tree)
case TOKEN_ZERO_IDENT: {
expr = alloc_expression(token->pos, EXPR_SYMBOL);
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
expr->ctype = &int_ctype;
expr->symbol = &zero_int;
expr->symbol_name = token->ident;
@@ -417,7 +418,7 @@ struct token *primary_expression(struct token *token, struct expression **tree)
*expr = *sym->initializer;
/* we want the right position reported, thus the copy */
expr->pos = token->pos;
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr;
+ expr->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_ENUM_CONST);
token = next;
break;
}
@@ -457,7 +458,9 @@ struct token *primary_expression(struct token *token, struct expression **tree)
}
if (token->special == '[' && lookup_type(token->next)) {
expr = alloc_expression(token->pos, EXPR_TYPE);
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr; /* sic */
+ /* sic */
+ expr->flags
+ = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
token = typename(token->next, &expr->symbol, NULL);
token = expect(token, ']', "in type expression");
break;
@@ -573,7 +576,8 @@ static struct token *type_info_expression(struct token *token,
struct token *p;
*tree = expr;
- expr->flags = Int_const_expr; /* XXX: VLA support will need that changed */
+ /* XXX: VLA support will need that changed */
+ expr->flags = expr_set_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR);
token = token->next;
if (!match_op(token, '(') || !lookup_type(token->next))
return unary_expression(token, &expr->cast_expression);
@@ -662,7 +666,7 @@ static struct token *unary_expression(struct token *token, struct expression **t
unary = alloc_expression(token->pos, EXPR_PREOP);
unary->op = token->special;
unary->unop = unop;
- unary->flags = unop->flags & Int_const_expr;
+ unary->flags = expr_flags_decay_consts(unop->flags);
*tree = unary;
return next;
}
@@ -720,10 +724,24 @@ static struct token *cast_expression(struct token *token, struct expression **tr
if (!v)
return token;
cast->cast_expression = v;
- if (v->flags & Int_const_expr)
- cast->flags = Int_const_expr;
- else if (v->flags & Float_literal) /* and _not_ int */
- cast->flags = Int_const_expr | Float_literal;
+
+ cast->flags = expr_flags_decay_consts(v->flags);
+ /*
+ * Up to now, we missed the (int).0 case here
+ * which should really get a
+ * EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR marker. Also,
+ * conversion to non-numeric types is not
+ * properly reflected up to this point.
+ * However, we do not know until evaluation.
+ * For the moment, in order to preserve
+ * semantics, speculatively set
+ * EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR if
+ * EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST is set. evaluate_cast()
+ * will unset inappropriate flags again after
+ * examining type information.
+ */
+ if (v->flags & EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST)
+ cast->flags |= EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR;
return token;
}
}
@@ -760,8 +778,9 @@ static struct token *cast_expression(struct token *token, struct expression **tr
sparse_error(next->pos, "No right hand side of '%s'-expression", show_special(op)); \
break; \
} \
- top->flags = left->flags & right->flags \
- & Int_const_expr; \
+ top->flags \
+ = expr_flags_decay_consts(left->flags \
+ & right->flags); \
top->op = op; \
top->left = left; \
top->right = right; \
@@ -865,12 +884,11 @@ struct token *conditional_expression(struct token *token, struct expression **tr
token = expect(token, ':', "in conditional expression");
token = conditional_expression(token, &expr->cond_false);
if (expr->left && expr->cond_false) {
- int is_const = expr->left->flags &
- expr->cond_false->flags &
- Int_const_expr;
+ enum expression_flags flags = expr->left->flags &
+ expr->cond_false->flags;
if (expr->cond_true)
- is_const &= expr->cond_true->flags;
- expr->flags = is_const;
+ flags &= expr->cond_true->flags;
+ expr->flags = expr_flags_decay_consts(flags);
}
}
return token;
diff --git a/expression.h b/expression.h
index 80b3be5..1c8a563 100644
--- a/expression.h
+++ b/expression.h
@@ -66,10 +66,133 @@ enum expression_type {
EXPR_OFFSETOF,
};
-enum {
- Int_const_expr = 1,
- Float_literal = 2,
-}; /* for expr->flags */
+
+/*
+ * Flags for tracking the promotion of various attributes from
+ * subexpressions to their parents.
+ *
+ * Currently, they only cope with an expression's constness as defined
+ * by C99.
+ *
+ * The flags are not independent as one might imply another. Use
+ * expr_set_flag_mask() and expr_clear_flag_mask() for setting and
+ * clearing a particular flag.
+ */
+enum expression_flags {
+ EXPR_FLAG_NONE = 0,
+ /*
+ * A constant in the sense of [6.4.4]:
+ * - Integer constant [6.4.4.1]
+ * - Floating point constant [6.4.4.2]
+ * - Enumeration constant [6.4.4.3]
+ * - Character constant [6.4.4.4]
+ */
+ EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST = (1 << 0),
+ EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST = (1 << 1),
+ EXPR_FLAG_ENUM_CONST = (1 << 2),
+ EXPR_FLAG_CHAR_CONST = (1 << 3),
+
+ /*
+ * A constant expression in the sense of [6.6]:
+ * - integer constant expression [6.6(6)]
+ * - arithmetic constant expression [6.6(8)]
+ * - address constanr [6.6(9)]
+ */
+ EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR = (1 << 4),
+ EXPR_FLAG_ARITH_CONST_EXPR = (1 << 5),
+ EXPR_FLAG_ADDR_CONST_EXPR = (1 << 6),
+};
+
+/*
+ * Calculate a mask to be or'ed in in order to set a particular
+ * expression flag.
+ *
+ * Only one single flag from enum expression_flags is allowed at a
+ * time.
+ */
+static inline enum expression_flags expr_set_flag_mask
+ (const enum expression_flags flag)
+{
+ /* obey the implications */
+ enum expression_flags implied_flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
+
+ switch (flag) {
+ case EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_ENUM_CONST:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_CHAR_CONST:
+ implied_flags |= EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR;
+ /* fallthrough */
+ case EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR:
+ implied_flags |= EXPR_FLAG_ARITH_CONST_EXPR;
+ /* fallthrough */
+ case EXPR_FLAG_ARITH_CONST_EXPR:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_ADDR_CONST_EXPR:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_NONE:
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return (implied_flags | flag);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate a mask to be negated and and'ed in in order to clear a
+ * particular expression flag.
+ *
+ * Only one single flag from enum expression_flags is allowed at a
+ * time.
+ */
+static inline enum expression_flags expr_clear_flag_mask
+ (const enum expression_flags flag)
+{
+ /* obey the implications */
+ enum expression_flags implied_flags = EXPR_FLAG_NONE;
+
+ switch (flag) {
+ case EXPR_FLAG_ARITH_CONST_EXPR:
+ implied_flags |= EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR;
+ implied_flags |= EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST;
+ /* fallthrough */
+ case EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST_EXPR:
+ implied_flags |= EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST;
+ implied_flags |= EXPR_FLAG_ENUM_CONST;
+ implied_flags |= EXPR_FLAG_CHAR_CONST;
+ /* fallthrough */
+ case EXPR_FLAG_ADDR_CONST_EXPR:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_ENUM_CONST:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_CHAR_CONST:
+ case EXPR_FLAG_NONE:
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return (implied_flags | flag);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove any "Constant" [6.4.4] flag, but retain the "constant
+ * expression" [6.6] flags.
+ * Used to merge the constantness flags of primary subexpressions
+ * into their parent expressions' ones.
+ */
+static inline enum expression_flags expr_flags_decay_consts
+ (enum expression_flags flags)
+{
+ return (flags & ~(expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_INT_CONST)
+ | expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_FP_CONST)
+ | expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_ENUM_CONST)
+ | expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_CHAR_CONST)));
+}
+
+/* Purge any constantness related flag. */
+static inline enum expression_flags expr_flags_remove_consts
+ (enum expression_flags flags)
+{
+ return (flags &
+ ~(expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_ARITH_CONST_EXPR)
+ | expr_clear_flag_mask(EXPR_FLAG_ADDR_CONST_EXPR)));
+}
enum {
Taint_comma = 1,
@@ -77,7 +200,7 @@ enum {
struct expression {
enum expression_type type:8;
- unsigned flags:8;
+ enum expression_flags flags:8;
int op;
struct position pos;
struct symbol *ctype;
--
2.4.5
--
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