Hi, It seems that we have a consensus on the obsoleteness of the sysfs power/state file and dev->power.power_state.event. Could anybody explain why? I have recently joined this mailing list and I would like to follow up with the technical background of this agreement. If the sysfs mechanism is deprecated, the dpm_runtime_suspend() seems to be the only method for runtime power management. But I think it's difficult for a user- space power manager to use this function because the caller needs to have the pointer to the device which it wants to control. Lastly, shouldn't the dpm_runtime_suspend() move the device from dpm_active list to dpm_off list upon success? This would prevent suspending an already-suspended device again in the device_suspend() function. Ikhwan