pci_epf_test_write() is never called in atomic context. The call chain ending up at pci_epf_test_write() is: [1] pci_epf_test_write() <- pci_epf_test_cmd_handler() pci_epf_test_cmd_handler() is set as a parameter of INIT_DELAYED_WORK() in pci_epf_test_probe(). This function is not called in atomic context. Despite never getting called from atomic context, pci_epf_test_write() calls mdelay() to busily wait. This is not necessary and can be replaced with usleep_range() to avoid busy waiting. This is found by a static analysis tool named DCNS written by myself. And I also manually check it. Signed-off-by: Jia-Ju Bai <baijiaju1990@xxxxxxxxx> --- drivers/pci/endpoint/functions/pci-epf-test.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/drivers/pci/endpoint/functions/pci-epf-test.c b/drivers/pci/endpoint/functions/pci-epf-test.c index f9308c2..2f0642e 100644 --- a/drivers/pci/endpoint/functions/pci-epf-test.c +++ b/drivers/pci/endpoint/functions/pci-epf-test.c @@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ static int pci_epf_test_write(struct pci_epf_test *epf_test) * wait 1ms inorder for the write to complete. Without this delay L3 * error in observed in the host system. */ - mdelay(1); + usleep_range(1000, 2000); kfree(buf); -- 1.9.1