I was looking at another PCI problem, and discovered this potential use after kfree. static const struct pci_device_id *pci_match_device(struct pci_driver *drv, struct pci_dev *dev) { struct pci_dynid *dynid; const struct pci_device_id *found_id = NULL; /* When driver_override is set, only bind to the matching driver */ if (dev->driver_override && strcmp(dev->driver_override, drv->name)) return NULL; /* Look at the dynamic ids first, before the static ones */ spin_lock(&drv->dynids.lock); list_for_each_entry(dynid, &drv->dynids.list, node) { if (pci_match_one_device(&dynid->id, dev)) { found_id = &dynid->id; break; } } spin_unlock(&drv->dynids.lock); At this point found_id if matched (points into dynid) structure but the lock has been dropped. What prevents the ID from being removed by store_remvoe_id? Looks like you need RCU (or ref counts here). -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-pci" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html