All, I draw a picture about the physical layout on a part of the pci system. Each block represent a bridge or a device. Am I correct? +-----------------------------+ | | | | | Bus#2 | | ------------------ | | | | | | | | +-------------+ | |DownStream |02:00.0 pci_dev +---------------+-------+-----+ | Bus#3 ---------------+------------------------------------------+--- | | | | +---------------+-------+-----+ +---------------+----+--+-----+ | |UpStream |03:00.0 | |UpStream |03:01.0 | +-------------+ | +-------------+ a normal device | | | | | | | | | Bus#4 | | | | ------------------- | | | | +----------+ | | | |DownStream| | | +-----------------------+-----+ +-----------------------------+ | | Bus#5 ------------+------------ -- Richard Yang Help you, Help me -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-pci" in the body of a message to majordomo@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html