Hi, what is the length of an ack packet, Is it 40 bytes if no other options in the tcp header? When the sender recieved ack from the reciever, will it ack those ack packets? If not, Is this the result of following code? in net/ipv4/tcp_input.c int tcp_rcv_established(*sk, *skb, *th, len) { ... if (len <= tcp_header_len) { /* Bulk data transfer: sender */ if (len == tcp_header_len) { /* We know that such packets are checksummed * on entry. */ tcp_ack(sk, skb, 0); __kfree_skb(skb); tcp_data_snd_check(sk); return 0; } ... } I guess my fundamental question is what is the sequence num of a pure ack packet? on recieving an ack packet, will TCP ack this ack packet? where in the src code can I be clarified? Thanks and appreciate for your help. -H - : send the line "unsubscribe linux-net" in the body of a message to majordomo@vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html