Dave Chinner <david@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> writes: > Now the filesystem is idle, with no dirty data or metadata. > > In the case of XFS, this will begin the process of "covering the > log". This takes 60-90s (3 consecutive log sync worker executions), > and it involves the journal updating and logging the superblock and > writing it back to mark the journal as empty. Apparently ext4 only bothers journaling metadata updates. If part of a regular file data is overwritten, it does not trigger a transaction. Are you saying that XFS does commit a transaction and therefore flush after just overwriting an existing block in a file, with no metadata being changed?