[linux-dvb] Johannes' idea of simple zap (szap)

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Patrick Boettcher wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> On Sun, 12 Jun 2005, Manu Abraham wrote:
>> Yep, if somebody is having a patch to extract service_id from dvbscan 
>> to channels.conf, i will drop my patch to scan, which adds service_id 
>> just after audio_pid. A few people have tested it out too without 
>> hitches..
> 
> If we would create a new szap - I like dvbzap (following dvbscan) - what

The name dvbzap sounds gound and consistent .. Many a times i had 
thought why the hell *zap..?

> about using the channels.conf-format from VDR. I think it stores the 
> service_id and other useful things. (When doing it, we also could think 
> of parameter-constellation for ATSC channels for VDR).
> 
> We then could create a small lib which parses the file and maybe Klaus 
> would use it too. Or we just add changes to dvbzap when they appear.
> 

The point at which i started off writing ca_zap itself was at the point 
where Klaus suggested that i could put in code/suggestion where in which 
the drivers requiring the HLCI API could be integrated into VDR.

We had a thread where which i left off, Can resume that thread only when 
  ca_zap implementation is complete.

It is only a bit more time where in which somebody can take a look at 
the refactored ca_zap. The code is almost finished, but i have not 
tested it out and waiting for a little bit of time..

> Would it be reasonable to add the ca_zap-functionality to such a dvbzap?

ca_zap at present is an implementation of using the HLCI API that we had 
a discussion earlier with Ralph such that the DVB cards that are using 
High level communication protocols/cards that use CI which do not fit 
into the existing API can be accomodated to that approach..

I have a description of how i am doing it in ca_zap is described in 
Documentation/ci.txt..

Dominique, Ralph and Johannes took the trouble to go through the 
document to fix up some errors there.

The implementation of ca_zap is a reference for the implementation of 
the discussed HLCI API.

Originally ca_zap was buggy (eventhough it worked for me, i could not 
fix certain bugs which occured for others, such that ca_zap required 
rewriting.) During the rewrite saga it was suggested by others that a 
modular approach to ca_zap would make it quite clear, certain aspects as 
well as usability..

Such as for example Dominique needed as specific format for TPS 
descrambling as TPS does all descriptors at stream level which are 
common among the channels in a signgle transponder.

Currently ca_zap consists of factored code from the original ca_zap that 
i wrote, some code from the test apps in dvb-apps to setup the filter, 
and i have  some code for parsing the existing channels.conf with 
service_id.

I have almost finished (?) upon ca_zap, what is needed is a bit more of 
testing to see how it goes before i can get it into CVS..

I thought about ATSC support too since i thought about adding ATSC 
support also to the DST driver, but i first wanted to cleanup a lot of 
junk code that was carried forward from the old driver ..

Attached is my current channels.conf and a hacked version of scan which 
prints out the service_id at the very end. It is not a big problem to 
add in to parse the VDR format too, as i had a parser for the Metzler's 
libdvb format also, but temporarily removed of all those bells and 
whistles to make testing and debugging easier..

It would be quite nice to have all the zap functionality into one 
executable rather than multiple ones..

It would be nice to have dvbzap to have ca_zap's functionality but it 
needs to be well thought in advance how we can achieve this. I need to 
test ca_zap before that.


Manu

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PRM:11996:h:0:27500:203:303:303
PRM+2:11996:h:0:27500:204:304:304
TMC:11996:h:0:27500:205:305:305
TMC+1:11996:h:0:27500:206:306:306
TMC2:11996:h:0:27500:207:307:307
MTIME:11996:h:0:27500:208:308:308
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HALL:11996:h:0:27500:210:310:310
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ADSC:11996:h:0:27500:212:312:312
NICK:11996:h:0:27500:213:313:313
Disney:11996:h:0:27500:214:314:314
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/**
 *  Simple MPEG parser to achieve network/service information.
 *
 *  refered standards:
 *
 *    ETSI EN 300 468
 *    ETSI TR 101 211
 *    ETSI ETR 211
 *    ITU-T H.222.0
 */

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <glob.h>

#include <linux/dvb/frontend.h>
#include <linux/dvb/dmx.h>

#include "list.h"
#include "diseqc.h"
#include "dump-zap.h"
#include "dump-vdr.h"
#include "scan.h"
#include "lnb.h"


static char demux_devname[80];

static struct dvb_frontend_info fe_info = {
	.type = -1
};

int verbosity = 2;

static int long_timeout;
static int current_tp_only;
static int get_other_nits;
static int vdr_dump_provider;
static int vdr_dump_channum;
static int ca_select = 1;
static int serv_select = 7;
static int vdr_version = 2;
static struct lnb_types_st lnb_type;

static enum fe_spectral_inversion spectral_inversion = INVERSION_AUTO;

enum table_type {
	PAT,
	PMT,
	SDT,
	NIT
};

enum format {
        OUTPUT_ZAP,
        OUTPUT_VDR,
	OUTPUT_PIDS
};
static enum format output_format = OUTPUT_ZAP;


enum polarisation {
	POLARISATION_HORIZONTAL     = 0x00,
	POLARISATION_VERTICAL       = 0x01,
	POLARISATION_CIRCULAR_LEFT  = 0x02,
	POLARISATION_CIRCULAR_RIGHT = 0x03
};

enum running_mode {
	RM_NOT_RUNNING = 0x01,
	RM_STARTS_SOON = 0x02,
	RM_PAUSING     = 0x03,
	RM_RUNNING     = 0x04
};

#define AUDIO_CHAN_MAX (32)
#define CA_SYSTEM_ID_MAX (16)

struct service {
	struct list_head list;
	int transport_stream_id;
	int service_id;
	char *provider_name;
	char *service_name;
	uint16_t pmt_pid;
	uint16_t pcr_pid;
	uint16_t video_pid;
	uint16_t audio_pid[AUDIO_CHAN_MAX];
	char audio_lang[AUDIO_CHAN_MAX][4];
	int audio_num;
	uint16_t ca_id[CA_SYSTEM_ID_MAX];
	int ca_num;
	uint16_t teletext_pid;
	uint16_t subtitling_pid;
	uint16_t ac3_pid;
	unsigned int type         : 8;
	unsigned int scrambled	  : 1;
	enum running_mode running;
	void *priv;
	int channel_num;
};

struct transponder {
	struct list_head list;
	struct list_head services;
	int network_id;
	int transport_stream_id;
	enum fe_type type;
	struct dvb_frontend_parameters param;
	enum polarisation polarisation;		/* only for DVB-S */
	int orbital_pos;			/* only for DVB-S */
	unsigned int we_flag		  : 1;	/* West/East Flag - only for DVB-S */
	unsigned int scan_done		  : 1;
	unsigned int last_tuning_failed	  : 1;
	unsigned int other_frequency_flag : 1;	/* DVB-T */
	unsigned int wrong_frequency	  : 1;	/* DVB-T with other_frequency_flag */
	int n_other_f;
	uint32_t *other_f;			/* DVB-T freqeuency-list descriptor */
};


struct section_buf {
	struct list_head list;
	const char *dmx_devname;
	unsigned int run_once  : 1;
	unsigned int segmented : 1;	/* segmented by table_id_ext */
	int fd;
	int pid;
	int table_id;
	int table_id_ext;
	int section_version_number;
	uint8_t section_done[32];
	int sectionfilter_done;
	unsigned char buf[1024];
	time_t timeout;
	time_t start_time;
	time_t running_time;
	struct section_buf *next_seg;	/* this is used to handle
					 * segmented tables (like NIT-other)
					 */
};

static LIST_HEAD(scanned_transponders);
static LIST_HEAD(new_transponders);
static struct transponder *current_tp;


static void dump_dvb_parameters (FILE *f, struct transponder *p);

static void setup_filter (struct section_buf* s, const char *dmx_devname,
		          int pid, int tid, int tid_ext,
			  int run_once, int segmented, int timeout);
static void add_filter (struct section_buf *s);


/* According to the DVB standards, the combination of network_id and
 * transport_stream_id should be unique, but in real life the satellite
 * operators and broadcasters don't care enough to coordinate
 * the numbering. Thus we identify TPs by frequency (dvbscan handles only
 * one satellite at a time). Further complication: Different NITs on
 * one satellite sometimes list the same TP with slightly different
 * frequencies, so we have to search within some bandwidth.
 */
static struct transponder *alloc_transponder(uint32_t frequency)
{
	struct transponder *tp = calloc(1, sizeof(*tp));

	tp->param.frequency = frequency;
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tp->list);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tp->services);
	list_add_tail(&tp->list, &new_transponders);
	return tp;
}

static int is_same_transponder(uint32_t f1, uint32_t f2)
{
	uint32_t diff;
	if (f1 == f2)
		return 1;
	diff = (f1 > f2) ? (f1 - f2) : (f2 - f1);
	//FIXME: use symbolrate etc. to estimate bandwidth
	if (diff < 2000) {
		debug("f1 = %u is same TP as f2 = %u\n", f1, f2);
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static struct transponder *find_transponder(uint32_t frequency)
{
	struct list_head *pos;
	struct transponder *tp;

	list_for_each(pos, &scanned_transponders) {
		tp = list_entry(pos, struct transponder, list);
		if (current_tp_only)
			return tp;
		if (is_same_transponder(tp->param.frequency, frequency))
			return tp;
	}
	list_for_each(pos, &new_transponders) {
		tp = list_entry(pos, struct transponder, list);
		if (is_same_transponder(tp->param.frequency, frequency))
			return tp;
	}
	return NULL;
}

static void copy_transponder(struct transponder *d, struct transponder *s)
{
	d->network_id = s->network_id;
	d->transport_stream_id = s->transport_stream_id;
	d->type = s->type;
	memcpy(&d->param, &s->param, sizeof(d->param));
	d->polarisation = s->polarisation;
	d->orbital_pos = s->orbital_pos;
	d->we_flag = s->we_flag;
	d->scan_done = s->scan_done;
	d->last_tuning_failed = s->last_tuning_failed;
	d->other_frequency_flag = s->other_frequency_flag;
	d->n_other_f = s->n_other_f;
	if (d->n_other_f) {
		d->other_f = calloc(d->n_other_f, sizeof(uint32_t));
		memcpy(d->other_f, s->other_f, d->n_other_f * sizeof(uint32_t));
	}
	else
		d->other_f = NULL;
}

/* service_ids are guaranteed to be unique within one TP
 * (the DVB standards say theay should be unique within one
 * network, but in real life...)
 */
static struct service *alloc_service(struct transponder *tp, int service_id)
{
	struct service *s = calloc(1, sizeof(*s));
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->list);
	s->service_id = service_id;
	list_add_tail(&s->list, &tp->services);
	return s;
}

static struct service *find_service(struct transponder *tp, int service_id)
{
	struct list_head *pos;
	struct service *s;

	list_for_each(pos, &tp->services) {
		s = list_entry(pos, struct service, list);
		if (s->service_id == service_id)
			return s;
	}
	return NULL;
}


static void parse_ca_identifier_descriptor (const unsigned char *buf,
				     struct service *s)
{
	unsigned char len = buf [1];
	int i;

	buf += 2;

	if (len > sizeof(s->ca_id)) {
		len = sizeof(s->ca_id);
		warning("too many CA system ids\n");
	}
	memcpy(s->ca_id, buf, len);
	for (i = 0; i < len / sizeof(s->ca_id[0]); i++)
		moreverbose("  CA ID 0x%04x\n", s->ca_id[i]);
}


static void parse_iso639_language_descriptor (const unsigned char *buf, struct service *s)
{
	unsigned char len = buf [1];

	buf += 2;

	if (len >= 4) {
		debug("    LANG=%.3s %d\n", buf, buf[3]);
		memcpy(s->audio_lang[s->audio_num], buf, 3);
#if 0
		/* seems like the audio_type is wrong all over the place */
		//if (buf[3] == 0) -> normal
		if (buf[3] == 1)
			s->audio_lang[s->audio_num][3] = '!'; /* clean effects (no language) */
		else if (buf[3] == 2)
			s->audio_lang[s->audio_num][3] = '?'; /* for the hearing impaired */
		else if (buf[3] == 3)
			s->audio_lang[s->audio_num][3] = '+'; /* visually impaired commentary */
#endif
	}
}

static void parse_network_name_descriptor (const unsigned char *buf, void *dummy)
{
	unsigned char len = buf [1];

	info("Network Name '%.*s'\n", len, buf + 2);
}

static void parse_terrestrial_uk_channel_number (const unsigned char *buf, void *dummy)
{
	int i, n, channel_num, service_id;
	struct list_head *p1, *p2;
	struct transponder *t;
	struct service *s;

	// 32 bits per record
	n = buf[1] / 4;
	if (n < 1)
		return;

	// desc id, desc len, (service id, service number)
	buf += 2;
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		service_id = (buf[0]<<8)|(buf[1]&0xff);
		channel_num = (buf[2]&0x03<<8)|(buf[3]&0xff);
		debug("Service ID 0x%x has channel number %d ", service_id, channel_num);
		list_for_each(p1, &scanned_transponders) {
			t = list_entry(p1, struct transponder, list);
			list_for_each(p2, &t->services) {
				s = list_entry(p2, struct service, list);
				if (s->service_id == service_id)
					s->channel_num = channel_num;
			}
		}
		buf += 4;
	}
}


static long bcd32_to_cpu (const int b0, const int b1, const int b2, const int b3)
{
	return ((b0 >> 4) & 0x0f) * 10000000 + (b0 & 0x0f) * 1000000 +
	       ((b1 >> 4) & 0x0f) * 100000   + (b1 & 0x0f) * 10000 +
	       ((b2 >> 4) & 0x0f) * 1000     + (b2 & 0x0f) * 100 +
	       ((b3 >> 4) & 0x0f) * 10       + (b3 & 0x0f);
}


static const fe_code_rate_t fec_tab [8] = {
	FEC_AUTO, FEC_1_2, FEC_2_3, FEC_3_4,
	FEC_5_6, FEC_7_8, FEC_NONE, FEC_NONE
};


static const fe_modulation_t qam_tab [6] = {
	QAM_AUTO, QAM_16, QAM_32, QAM_64, QAM_128, QAM_256
};


static void parse_cable_delivery_system_descriptor (const unsigned char *buf,
					     struct transponder *t)
{
	if (!t) {
		warning("cable_delivery_system_descriptor outside transport stream definition (ignored)\n");
		return;
	}
	t->type = FE_QAM;

	t->param.frequency = bcd32_to_cpu (buf[2], buf[3], buf[4], buf[5]);
	t->param.frequency *= 100;
	t->param.u.qam.fec_inner = fec_tab[buf[12] & 0x07];
	t->param.u.qam.symbol_rate = 10 * bcd32_to_cpu (buf[9],
							buf[10],
							buf[11],
							buf[12] & 0xf0);
	if ((buf[8] & 0x0f) > 5)
		t->param.u.qam.modulation = QAM_AUTO;
	else
		t->param.u.qam.modulation = qam_tab[buf[8] & 0x0f];
	t->param.inversion = spectral_inversion;

	if (verbosity >= 5) {
		debug("0x%#04x/0x%#04x ", t->network_id, t->transport_stream_id);
		dump_dvb_parameters (stderr, t);
		if (t->scan_done)
			dprintf(5, " (done)");
		if (t->last_tuning_failed)
			dprintf(5, " (tuning failed)");
		dprintf(5, "\n");
	}
}

static void parse_satellite_delivery_system_descriptor (const unsigned char *buf,
						 struct transponder *t)
{
	if (!t) {
		warning("satellite_delivery_system_descriptor outside transport stream definition (ignored)\n");
		return;
	}
	t->type = FE_QPSK;
	t->param.frequency = 10 * bcd32_to_cpu (buf[2], buf[3], buf[4], buf[5]);
	t->param.u.qpsk.fec_inner = fec_tab[buf[12] & 0x07];
	t->param.u.qpsk.symbol_rate = 10 * bcd32_to_cpu (buf[9],
							 buf[10],
							 buf[11],
							 buf[12] & 0xf0);

	t->polarisation = (buf[8] >> 5) & 0x03;
	t->param.inversion = spectral_inversion;

	t->orbital_pos = bcd32_to_cpu (0x00, 0x00, buf[6], buf[7]);
	t->we_flag = buf[8] >> 7;

	if (verbosity >= 5) {
		debug("0x%#04x/0x%#04x ", t->network_id, t->transport_stream_id);
		dump_dvb_parameters (stderr, t);
		if (t->scan_done)
			dprintf(5, " (done)");
		if (t->last_tuning_failed)
			dprintf(5, " (tuning failed)");
		dprintf(5, "\n");
	}
}


static void parse_terrestrial_delivery_system_descriptor (const unsigned char *buf,
						   struct transponder *t)
{
	static const fe_modulation_t m_tab [] = { QPSK, QAM_16, QAM_64, QAM_AUTO };
	static const fe_code_rate_t ofec_tab [8] = { FEC_1_2, FEC_2_3, FEC_3_4,
					       FEC_5_6, FEC_7_8 };
	struct dvb_ofdm_parameters *o;

	if (!t) {
		warning("terrestrial_delivery_system_descriptor outside transport stream definition (ignored)\n");
		return;
	}
	o = &t->param.u.ofdm;
	t->type = FE_OFDM;

	t->param.frequency = (buf[2] << 24) | (buf[3] << 16);
	t->param.frequency |= (buf[4] << 8) | buf[5];
	t->param.frequency *= 10;
	t->param.inversion = spectral_inversion;

	o->bandwidth = BANDWIDTH_8_MHZ + ((buf[6] >> 5) & 0x3);
	o->constellation = m_tab[(buf[7] >> 6) & 0x3];
	o->hierarchy_information = HIERARCHY_NONE + ((buf[7] >> 3) & 0x3);

	if ((buf[7] & 0x7) > 4)
		o->code_rate_HP = FEC_AUTO;
	else
		o->code_rate_HP = ofec_tab [buf[7] & 0x7];

	if (((buf[8] >> 5) & 0x7) > 4)
		o->code_rate_LP = FEC_AUTO;
	else
		o->code_rate_LP = ofec_tab [(buf[8] >> 5) & 0x7];

	o->guard_interval = GUARD_INTERVAL_1_32 + ((buf[8] >> 3) & 0x3);

	o->transmission_mode = (buf[8] & 0x2) ?
			       TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K :
			       TRANSMISSION_MODE_2K;

	t->other_frequency_flag = (buf[8] & 0x01);

	if (verbosity >= 5) {
		debug("0x%#04x/0x%#04x ", t->network_id, t->transport_stream_id);
		dump_dvb_parameters (stderr, t);
		if (t->scan_done)
			dprintf(5, " (done)");
		if (t->last_tuning_failed)
			dprintf(5, " (tuning failed)");
		dprintf(5, "\n");
	}
}

static void parse_frequency_list_descriptor (const unsigned char *buf,
				      struct transponder *t)
{
	int n, i;
	typeof(*t->other_f) f;

	if (!t) {
		warning("frequency_list_descriptor outside transport stream definition (ignored)\n");
		return;
	}
	if (t->other_f)
		return;

	n = (buf[1] - 1) / 4;
	if (n < 1 || (buf[2] & 0x03) != 3)
		return;

	t->other_f = calloc(n, sizeof(*t->other_f));
	t->n_other_f = n;
	buf += 3;
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		f = (buf[0] << 24) | (buf[1] << 16) | (buf[2] << 8) | buf[3];
		t->other_f[i] = f * 10;
		buf += 4;
	}
}

static void parse_service_descriptor (const unsigned char *buf, struct service *s)
{
	unsigned char len;
	unsigned char *src, *dest;

	s->type = buf[2];

	buf += 3;
	len = *buf;
	buf++;

	if (s->provider_name)
		free (s->provider_name);

	s->provider_name = malloc (len + 1);
	memcpy (s->provider_name, buf, len);
	s->provider_name[len] = '\0';

	/* remove control characters (FIXME: handle short/long name) */
	/* FIXME: handle character set correctly (e.g. via iconv)
	 * c.f. EN 300 468 annex A */
	for (src = dest = s->provider_name; *src; src++)
		if (*src >= 0x20 && (*src < 0x80 || *src > 0x9f))
			*dest++ = *src;
	*dest = '\0';
	if (!s->provider_name[0]) {
		/* zap zero length names */
		free (s->provider_name);
		s->provider_name = 0;
	}

	if (s->service_name)
		free (s->service_name);

	buf += len;
	len = *buf;
	buf++;

	s->service_name = malloc (len + 1);
	memcpy (s->service_name, buf, len);
	s->service_name[len] = '\0';

	/* remove control characters (FIXME: handle short/long name) */
	/* FIXME: handle character set correctly (e.g. via iconv)
	 * c.f. EN 300 468 annex A */
	for (src = dest = s->service_name; *src; src++)
		if (*src >= 0x20 && (*src < 0x80 || *src > 0x9f))
			*dest++ = *src;
	*dest = '\0';
	if (!s->service_name[0]) {
		/* zap zero length names */
		free (s->service_name);
		s->service_name = 0;
	}

	info("0x%04x 0x%04x: pmt_pid 0x%04x %s -- %s (%s%s)\n",
	    s->transport_stream_id,
	    s->service_id,
	    s->pmt_pid,
	    s->provider_name, s->service_name,
	    s->running == RM_NOT_RUNNING ? "not running" :
	    s->running == RM_STARTS_SOON ? "starts soon" :
	    s->running == RM_PAUSING     ? "pausing" :
	    s->running == RM_RUNNING     ? "running" : "???",
	    s->scrambled ? ", scrambled" : "");
}

static int find_descriptor(uint8_t tag, const unsigned char *buf,
		int descriptors_loop_len,
		const unsigned char **desc, int *desc_len)
{
	while (descriptors_loop_len > 0) {
		unsigned char descriptor_tag = buf[0];
		unsigned char descriptor_len = buf[1] + 2;

		if (!descriptor_len) {
			warning("descriptor_tag == 0x%02x, len is 0\n", descriptor_tag);
			break;
		}

		if (tag == descriptor_tag) {
			if (desc)
				*desc = buf;
			if (desc_len)
				*desc_len = descriptor_len;
			return 1;
		}

		buf += descriptor_len;
		descriptors_loop_len -= descriptor_len;
	}
	return 0;
}

static void parse_descriptors(enum table_type t, const unsigned char *buf,
			      int descriptors_loop_len, void *data)
{
	while (descriptors_loop_len > 0) {
		unsigned char descriptor_tag = buf[0];
		unsigned char descriptor_len = buf[1] + 2;

		if (!descriptor_len) {
			warning("descriptor_tag == 0x%02x, len is 0\n", descriptor_tag);
			break;
		}

		switch (descriptor_tag) {
		case 0x0a:
			if (t == PMT)
				parse_iso639_language_descriptor (buf, data);
			break;

		case 0x40:
			if (t == NIT)
				parse_network_name_descriptor (buf, data);
			break;

		case 0x43:
			if (t == NIT)
				parse_satellite_delivery_system_descriptor (buf, data);
			break;

		case 0x44:
			if (t == NIT)
				parse_cable_delivery_system_descriptor (buf, data);
			break;

		case 0x48:
			if (t == SDT)
				parse_service_descriptor (buf, data);
			break;

		case 0x53:
			if (t == SDT)
				parse_ca_identifier_descriptor (buf, data);
			break;

		case 0x5a:
			if (t == NIT)
				parse_terrestrial_delivery_system_descriptor (buf, data);
			break;

		case 0x62:
			if (t == NIT)
				parse_frequency_list_descriptor (buf, data);
			break;

		case 0x83:
			/* 0x83 is in the privately defined range of descriptor tags,
			 * so we parse this only if the user says so to avoid
			 * problems when 0x83 is something entirely different... */
			if (t == NIT && vdr_dump_channum)
				parse_terrestrial_uk_channel_number (buf, data);
			break;

		default:
			verbosedebug("skip descriptor 0x%02x\n", descriptor_tag);
		};

		buf += descriptor_len;
		descriptors_loop_len -= descriptor_len;
	}
}


static void parse_pat(const unsigned char *buf, int section_length,
		      int transport_stream_id)
{
	while (section_length > 0) {
		struct service *s;
		int service_id = (buf[0] << 8) | buf[1];

		if (service_id == 0)
			goto skip;	/* nit pid entry */

		/* SDT might have been parsed first... */
		s = find_service(current_tp, service_id);
		if (!s)
			s = alloc_service(current_tp, service_id);
		s->pmt_pid = ((buf[2] & 0x1f) << 8) | buf[3];
		if (!s->priv && s->pmt_pid) {
			s->priv = malloc(sizeof(struct section_buf));
			setup_filter(s->priv, demux_devname,
				     s->pmt_pid, 0x02, s->service_id, 1, 0, 5);

			add_filter (s->priv);
		}

skip:
		buf += 4;
		section_length -= 4;
	};
}


static void parse_pmt (const unsigned char *buf, int section_length, int service_id)
{
	int program_info_len;
	struct service *s;
        char msg_buf[14 * AUDIO_CHAN_MAX + 1];
        char *tmp;
        int i;

	s = find_service (current_tp, service_id);
	if (!s) {
		error("PMT for serivce_id 0x%04x was not in PAT\n", service_id);
		return;
	}

	s->pcr_pid = ((buf[0] & 0x1f) << 8) | buf[1];

	program_info_len = ((buf[2] & 0x0f) << 8) | buf[3];

	buf += program_info_len + 4;
	section_length -= program_info_len + 4;

	while (section_length >= 5) {
		int ES_info_len = ((buf[3] & 0x0f) << 8) | buf[4];
		int elementary_pid = ((buf[1] & 0x1f) << 8) | buf[2];

		switch (buf[0]) {
		case 0x01:
		case 0x02:
			moreverbose("  VIDEO     : PID 0x%04x\n", elementary_pid);
			if (s->video_pid == 0)
				s->video_pid = elementary_pid;
			break;
		case 0x03:
		case 0x04:
			moreverbose("  AUDIO     : PID 0x%04x\n", elementary_pid);
			if (s->audio_num < AUDIO_CHAN_MAX) {
				s->audio_pid[s->audio_num] = elementary_pid;
				parse_descriptors (PMT, buf + 5, ES_info_len, s);
				s->audio_num++;
			}
			else
				warning("more than %i audio channels, truncating\n",
				     AUDIO_CHAN_MAX);
			break;
		case 0x06:
			if (find_descriptor(0x56, buf + 5, ES_info_len, NULL, NULL)) {
				moreverbose("  TELETEXT  : PID 0x%04x\n", elementary_pid);
				s->teletext_pid = elementary_pid;
				break;
			}
			else if (find_descriptor(0x59, buf + 5, ES_info_len, NULL, NULL)) {
				/* Note: The subtitling descriptor can also signal
				 * teletext subtitling, but then the teletext descriptor
				 * will also be present; so we can be quite confident
				 * that we catch DVB subtitling streams only here, w/o
				 * parsing the descriptor. */
				moreverbose("  SUBTITLING: PID 0x%04x\n", elementary_pid);
				s->subtitling_pid = elementary_pid;
				break;
			}
			else if (find_descriptor(0x6a, buf + 5, ES_info_len, NULL, NULL)) {
				moreverbose("  AC3       : PID 0x%04x\n", elementary_pid);
				s->ac3_pid = elementary_pid;
				break;
			}
			/* fall through */
		default:
			moreverbose("  OTHER     : PID 0x%04x TYPE 0x%02x\n", elementary_pid, buf[0]);
		};

		buf += ES_info_len + 5;
		section_length -= ES_info_len + 5;
	};


        tmp = msg_buf;
        tmp += sprintf(tmp, "0x%04x (%.4s)", s->audio_pid[0], s->audio_lang[0]);

	if (s->audio_num > AUDIO_CHAN_MAX) {
		warning("more than %i audio channels: %i, truncating to %i\n",
		      AUDIO_CHAN_MAX, s->audio_num, AUDIO_CHAN_MAX);
		s->audio_num = AUDIO_CHAN_MAX;
	}

        for (i=1; i<s->audio_num; i++)
                tmp += sprintf(tmp, ", 0x%04x (%.4s)", s->audio_pid[i], s->audio_lang[i]);

        debug("0x%04x 0x%04x: %s -- %s, pmt_pid 0x%04x, vpid 0x%04x, apid %s\n",
	    s->transport_stream_id,
	    s->service_id,
	    s->provider_name, s->service_name,
	    s->pmt_pid, s->video_pid, msg_buf);
}


static void parse_nit (const unsigned char *buf, int section_length, int network_id)
{
	int descriptors_loop_len = ((buf[0] & 0x0f) << 8) | buf[1];

	if (section_length < descriptors_loop_len + 4)
	{
		warning("section too short: network_id == 0x%04x, section_length == %i, "
		     "descriptors_loop_len == %i\n",
		     network_id, section_length, descriptors_loop_len);
		return;
	}

	parse_descriptors (NIT, buf + 2, descriptors_loop_len, NULL);

	section_length -= descriptors_loop_len + 4;
	buf += descriptors_loop_len + 4;

	while (section_length > 6) {
		int transport_stream_id = (buf[0] << 8) | buf[1];
		struct transponder *t, tn;

		descriptors_loop_len = ((buf[4] & 0x0f) << 8) | buf[5];

		if (section_length < descriptors_loop_len + 4)
		{
			warning("section too short: transport_stream_id == 0x%04x, "
			     "section_length == %i, descriptors_loop_len == %i\n",
			     transport_stream_id, section_length,
			     descriptors_loop_len);
			break;
		}

		debug("transport_stream_id 0x%04x\n", transport_stream_id);

		memset(&tn, 0, sizeof(tn));
		tn.type = -1;
		tn.network_id = network_id;
		tn.transport_stream_id = transport_stream_id;

		parse_descriptors (NIT, buf + 6, descriptors_loop_len, &tn);

		if (tn.type == fe_info.type) {
			/* only add if develivery_descriptor matches FE type */
			t = find_transponder(tn.param.frequency);
			if (!t)
				t = alloc_transponder(tn.param.frequency);
			copy_transponder(t, &tn);
		}

		section_length -= descriptors_loop_len + 6;
		buf += descriptors_loop_len + 6;
	};
}


static void parse_sdt (const unsigned char *buf, int section_length,
		int transport_stream_id)
{
	buf += 3;	       /*  skip original network id + reserved field */

	while (section_length >= 5) {
		int service_id = (buf[0] << 8) | buf[1];
		int descriptors_loop_len = ((buf[3] & 0x0f) << 8) | buf[4];
		struct service *s;

		if (section_length < descriptors_loop_len || !descriptors_loop_len)
		{
			warning("section too short: service_id == 0x%02x, section_length == %i, "
			     "descriptors_loop_len == %i\n",
			     service_id, section_length,
			     descriptors_loop_len);
			break;
		}

		s = find_service(current_tp, service_id);
		if (!s)
			/* maybe PAT has not yet been parsed... */
			s = alloc_service(current_tp, service_id);

		s->running = (buf[3] >> 5) & 0x7;
		s->scrambled = (buf[3] >> 4) & 1;

		parse_descriptors (SDT, buf + 5, descriptors_loop_len, s);

		section_length -= descriptors_loop_len + 5;
		buf += descriptors_loop_len + 5;
	};
}


static int get_bit (uint8_t *bitfield, int bit)
{
	return (bitfield[bit/8] >> (bit % 8)) & 1;
}

static void set_bit (uint8_t *bitfield, int bit)
{
	bitfield[bit/8] |= 1 << (bit % 8);
}


/**
 *   returns 0 when more sections are expected
 *	   1 when all sections are read on this pid
 *	   -1 on invalid table id
 */
static int parse_section (struct section_buf *s)
{
	const unsigned char *buf = s->buf;
	int table_id;
	int section_length;
	int table_id_ext;
	int section_version_number;
	int section_number;
	int last_section_number;
	int i;

	table_id = buf[0];

	if (s->table_id != table_id)
		return -1;

	section_length = ((buf[1] & 0x0f) << 8) | buf[2];

	table_id_ext = (buf[3] << 8) | buf[4];
	section_version_number = (buf[5] >> 1) & 0x1f;
	section_number = buf[6];
	last_section_number = buf[7];

	if (s->segmented && s->table_id_ext != -1 && s->table_id_ext != table_id_ext) {
		/* find or allocate actual section_buf matching table_id_ext */
		while (s->next_seg) {
			s = s->next_seg;
			if (s->table_id_ext == table_id_ext)
				break;
		}
		if (s->table_id_ext != table_id_ext) {
			assert(s->next_seg == NULL);
			s->next_seg = calloc(1, sizeof(struct section_buf));
			s->next_seg->segmented = s->segmented;
			s->next_seg->run_once = s->run_once;
			s->next_seg->timeout = s->timeout;
			s = s->next_seg;
			s->table_id = table_id;
			s->table_id_ext = table_id_ext;
			s->section_version_number = section_version_number;
		}
	}

	if (s->section_version_number != section_version_number ||
			s->table_id_ext != table_id_ext) {
		struct section_buf *next_seg = s->next_seg;

		if (s->section_version_number != -1 && s->table_id_ext != -1)
			debug("section version_number or table_id_ext changed "
				"%d -> %d / %04x -> %04x\n",
				s->section_version_number, section_version_number,
				s->table_id_ext, table_id_ext);
		s->table_id_ext = table_id_ext;
		s->section_version_number = section_version_number;
		s->sectionfilter_done = 0;
		memset (s->section_done, 0, sizeof(s->section_done));
		s->next_seg = next_seg;
	}

	buf += 8;			/* past generic table header */
	section_length -= 5 + 4;	/* header + crc */
	if (section_length < 0) {
		warning("truncated section (PID 0x%04x, lenght %d)",
			s->pid, section_length + 9);
		return 0;
	}

	if (!get_bit(s->section_done, section_number)) {
		set_bit (s->section_done, section_number);

		debug("pid 0x%02x tid 0x%02x table_id_ext 0x%04x, "
		    "%i/%i (version %i)\n",
		    s->pid, table_id, table_id_ext, section_number,
		    last_section_number, section_version_number);

		switch (table_id) {
		case 0x00:
			verbose("PAT\n");
			parse_pat (buf, section_length, table_id_ext);
			break;

		case 0x02:
			verbose("PMT 0x%04x for service 0x%04x\n", s->pid, table_id_ext);
			parse_pmt (buf, section_length, table_id_ext);
			break;

		case 0x41:
			verbose("////////////////////////////////////////////// NIT other\n");
		case 0x40:
			verbose("NIT (%s TS)\n", table_id == 0x40 ? "actual":"other");
			parse_nit (buf, section_length, table_id_ext);
			break;

		case 0x42:
		case 0x46:
			verbose("SDT (%s TS)\n", table_id == 0x42 ? "actual":"other");
			parse_sdt (buf, section_length, table_id_ext);
			break;

		default:
			;
		};

		for (i = 0; i <= last_section_number; i++)
			if (get_bit (s->section_done, i) == 0)
				break;

		if (i > last_section_number)
			s->sectionfilter_done = 1;
	}

	if (s->segmented) {
		/* always wait for timeout; this is because we don't now how
		 * many segments there are
		 */
		return 0;
	}
	else if (s->sectionfilter_done)
		return 1;

	return 0;
}


static int read_sections (struct section_buf *s)
{
	int section_length, count;

	if (s->sectionfilter_done && !s->segmented)
		return 1;

	/* the section filter API guarantess that we get one full section
	 * per read(), provided that the buffer is large enough (it is)
	 */
	if (((count = read (s->fd, s->buf, sizeof(s->buf))) < 0) && errno == EOVERFLOW)
		count = read (s->fd, s->buf, sizeof(s->buf));
	if (count < 0) {
		errorn("read_sections: read error");
		return -1;
	}

	if (count < 4)
		return -1;

	section_length = ((s->buf[1] & 0x0f) << 8) | s->buf[2];

	if (count != section_length + 3)
		return -1;

	if (parse_section(s) == 1)
		return 1;

	return 0;
}


static LIST_HEAD(running_filters);
static LIST_HEAD(waiting_filters);
static int n_running;
#define MAX_RUNNING 32
static struct pollfd poll_fds[MAX_RUNNING];
static struct section_buf* poll_section_bufs[MAX_RUNNING];


static void setup_filter (struct section_buf* s, const char *dmx_devname,
			  int pid, int tid, int tid_ext,
			  int run_once, int segmented, int timeout)
{
	memset (s, 0, sizeof(struct section_buf));

	s->fd = -1;
	s->dmx_devname = dmx_devname;
	s->pid = pid;
	s->table_id = tid;

	s->run_once = run_once;
	s->segmented = segmented;

	if (long_timeout)
		s->timeout = 5 * timeout;
	else
		s->timeout = timeout;

	s->table_id_ext = tid_ext;
	s->section_version_number = -1;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD (&s->list);
}

static void update_poll_fds(void)
{
	struct list_head *p;
	struct section_buf* s;
	int i;

	memset(poll_section_bufs, 0, sizeof(poll_section_bufs));
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_RUNNING; i++)
		poll_fds[i].fd = -1;
	i = 0;
	list_for_each (p, &running_filters) {
		if (i >= MAX_RUNNING)
			fatal("too many poll_fds\n");
		s = list_entry (p, struct section_buf, list);
		if (s->fd == -1)
			fatal("s->fd == -1 on running_filters\n");
		verbosedebug("poll fd %d\n", s->fd);
		poll_fds[i].fd = s->fd;
		poll_fds[i].events = POLLIN;
		poll_fds[i].revents = 0;
		poll_section_bufs[i] = s;
		i++;
	}
	if (i != n_running)
		fatal("n_running is hosed\n");
}

static int start_filter (struct section_buf* s)
{
	struct dmx_sct_filter_params f;

	if (n_running >= MAX_RUNNING)
		goto err0;
	if ((s->fd = open (s->dmx_devname, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)) < 0)
		goto err0;

	verbosedebug("start filter pid 0x%04x table_id 0x%02x\n", s->pid, s->table_id);

	memset(&f, 0, sizeof(f));

	f.pid = (uint16_t) s->pid;

	if (s->table_id < 0x100 && s->table_id > 0) {
		f.filter.filter[0] = (uint8_t) s->table_id;
		f.filter.mask[0]   = 0xff;
	}
	if (s->table_id_ext < 0x10000 && s->table_id_ext > 0) {
		f.filter.filter[1] = (uint8_t) ((s->table_id_ext >> 8) & 0xff);
		f.filter.filter[2] = (uint8_t) (s->table_id_ext & 0xff);
		f.filter.mask[1] = 0xff;
		f.filter.mask[2] = 0xff;
	}

	f.timeout = 0;
	f.flags = DMX_IMMEDIATE_START | DMX_CHECK_CRC;

	if (ioctl(s->fd, DMX_SET_FILTER, &f) == -1) {
		errorn ("ioctl DMX_SET_FILTER failed");
		goto err1;
	}

	s->sectionfilter_done = 0;
	time(&s->start_time);

	list_del_init (&s->list);  /* might be in waiting filter list */
	list_add (&s->list, &running_filters);

	n_running++;
	update_poll_fds();

	return 0;

err1:
	ioctl (s->fd, DMX_STOP);
	close (s->fd);
err0:
	return -1;
}


static void stop_filter (struct section_buf *s)
{
	verbosedebug("stop filter pid 0x%04x\n", s->pid);
	ioctl (s->fd, DMX_STOP);
	close (s->fd);
	s->fd = -1;
	list_del (&s->list);
	s->running_time += time(NULL) - s->start_time;

	n_running--;
	update_poll_fds();
}


static void add_filter (struct section_buf *s)
{
	verbosedebug("add filter pid 0x%04x\n", s->pid);
	if (start_filter (s))
		list_add_tail (&s->list, &waiting_filters);
}


static void remove_filter (struct section_buf *s)
{
	verbosedebug("remove filter pid 0x%04x\n", s->pid);
	stop_filter (s);

	while (!list_empty(&waiting_filters)) {
		struct list_head *next = waiting_filters.next;
		s = list_entry (next, struct section_buf, list);
		if (start_filter (s))
			break;
	};
}


static void read_filters (void)
{
	struct section_buf *s;
	int i, n, done;

	n = poll(poll_fds, n_running, 1000);
	if (n == -1)
		errorn("poll");

	for (i = 0; i < n_running; i++) {
		s = poll_section_bufs[i];
		if (!s)
			fatal("poll_section_bufs[%d] is NULL\n", i);
		if (poll_fds[i].revents)
			done = read_sections (s) == 1;
		else
			done = 0; /* timeout */
		if (done || time(NULL) > s->start_time + s->timeout) {
			if (s->run_once) {
				if (done)
					verbosedebug("filter done pid 0x%04x\n", s->pid);
				else
					warning("filter timeout pid 0x%04x\n", s->pid);
				remove_filter (s);
			}
		}
	}
}


static int mem_is_zero (const void *mem, int size)
{
	const char *p = mem;
	unsigned long i;

	for (i=0; i<size; i++) {
		if (p[i] != 0x00)
			return 0;
	}

	return 1;
}


static int switch_pos = 0;

static int __tune_to_transponder (int frontend_fd, struct transponder *t)
{
	struct dvb_frontend_parameters p;
	fe_status_t s;
	int i;

	current_tp = t;

	if (mem_is_zero (&t->param, sizeof(struct dvb_frontend_parameters)))
		return -1;

	memcpy (&p, &t->param, sizeof(struct dvb_frontend_parameters));

	if (verbosity >= 1) {
		dprintf(1, ">>> tune to: ");
		dump_dvb_parameters (stderr, t);
		if (t->last_tuning_failed)
			dprintf(1, " (tuning failed)");
		dprintf(1, "\n");
	}

	if (t->type == FE_QPSK) {
		int hiband = 0;

		if (lnb_type.switch_val && lnb_type.high_val &&
			p.frequency >= lnb_type.switch_val)
			hiband = 1;

		setup_switch (frontend_fd,
			      switch_pos,
			      t->polarisation == POLARISATION_VERTICAL ? 0 : 1,
			      hiband);
		usleep(50000);
		if (hiband)
			p.frequency = abs(p.frequency - lnb_type.high_val);
		else
			p.frequency = abs(p.frequency - lnb_type.low_val);
	}

	if (ioctl(frontend_fd, FE_SET_FRONTEND, &p) == -1) {
		errorn("Setting frontend parameters failed");
		return -1;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
		usleep (200000);

		if (ioctl(frontend_fd, FE_READ_STATUS, &s) == -1) {
			errorn("FE_READ_STATUS failed");
			return -1;
		}

		verbose(">>> tuning status == 0x%02x\n", s);

		if (s & FE_HAS_LOCK) {
			t->last_tuning_failed = 0;
			return 0;
		}
	}

	warning(">>> tuning failed!!!\n");

	t->last_tuning_failed = 1;

	return -1;
}

static int tune_to_transponder (int frontend_fd, struct transponder *t)
{
	/* move TP from "new" to "scanned" list */
	list_del_init(&t->list);
	list_add_tail(&t->list, &scanned_transponders);
	t->scan_done = 1;

	if (t->type != fe_info.type) {
		/* ignore cable descriptors in sat NIT and vice versa */
		t->last_tuning_failed = 1;
		return -1;
	}

	if (__tune_to_transponder (frontend_fd, t) == 0)
		return 0;

	return __tune_to_transponder (frontend_fd, t);
}


static int tune_to_next_transponder (int frontend_fd)
{
	struct list_head *pos, *tmp;
	struct transponder *t, *to;
	uint32_t freq;

	list_for_each_safe(pos, tmp, &new_transponders) {
		t = list_entry (pos, struct transponder, list);
retry:
		if (tune_to_transponder (frontend_fd, t) == 0)
			return 0;
next:
		if (t->other_frequency_flag && t->other_f && t->n_other_f) {
			/* check if the alternate freqeuncy is really new to us */
			freq = t->other_f[t->n_other_f - 1];
			t->n_other_f--;
			if (find_transponder(freq))
				goto next;

			/* remember tuning to the old frequency failed */
			to = calloc(1, sizeof(*to));
			to->param.frequency = t->param.frequency;
			to->wrong_frequency = 1;
			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&to->list);
			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&to->services);
			list_add_tail(&to->list, &scanned_transponders);
			copy_transponder(to, t);

			t->param.frequency = freq;
			info("retrying with f=%d\n", t->param.frequency);
			goto retry;
		}
	}
	return -1;
}

struct strtab {
	const char *str;
	int val;
};
static int str2enum(const char *str, const struct strtab *tab, int deflt)
{
	while (tab->str) {
		if (!strcmp(tab->str, str))
			return tab->val;
		tab++;
	}
	error("invalid enum value '%s'\n", str);
	return deflt;
}

static enum fe_code_rate str2fec(const char *fec)
{
	struct strtab fectab[] = {
		{ "NONE", FEC_NONE },
		{ "1/2",  FEC_1_2 },
		{ "2/3",  FEC_2_3 },
		{ "3/4",  FEC_3_4 },
		{ "4/5",  FEC_4_5 },
		{ "5/6",  FEC_5_6 },
		{ "6/7",  FEC_6_7 },
		{ "7/8",  FEC_7_8 },
		{ "8/9",  FEC_8_9 },
		{ "AUTO", FEC_AUTO },
		{ NULL, 0 }
	};
	return str2enum(fec, fectab, FEC_AUTO);
}

static enum fe_modulation str2qam(const char *qam)
{
	struct strtab qamtab[] = {
		{ "QPSK",   QPSK },
		{ "QAM16",  QAM_16 },
		{ "QAM32",  QAM_32 },
		{ "QAM64",  QAM_64 },
		{ "QAM128", QAM_128 },
		{ "QAM256", QAM_256 },
		{ "AUTO",   QAM_AUTO },
		{ NULL, 0 }
	};
	return str2enum(qam, qamtab, QAM_AUTO);
}

static enum fe_bandwidth str2bandwidth(const char *bw)
{
	struct strtab bwtab[] = {
		{ "8MHz", BANDWIDTH_8_MHZ },
		{ "7MHz", BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ },
		{ "6MHz", BANDWIDTH_6_MHZ },
		{ "AUTO", BANDWIDTH_AUTO },
		{ NULL, 0 }
	};
	return str2enum(bw, bwtab, BANDWIDTH_AUTO);
}

static enum fe_transmit_mode str2mode(const char *mode)
{
	struct strtab modetab[] = {
		{ "2k",   TRANSMISSION_MODE_2K },
		{ "8k",   TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K },
		{ "AUTO", TRANSMISSION_MODE_AUTO },
		{ NULL, 0 }
	};
	return str2enum(mode, modetab, TRANSMISSION_MODE_AUTO);
}

static enum fe_guard_interval str2guard(const char *guard)
{
	struct strtab guardtab[] = {
		{ "1/32", GUARD_INTERVAL_1_32 },
		{ "1/16", GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16 },
		{ "1/8",  GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8 },
		{ "1/4",  GUARD_INTERVAL_1_4 },
		{ "AUTO", GUARD_INTERVAL_AUTO },
		{ NULL, 0 }
	};
	return str2enum(guard, guardtab, GUARD_INTERVAL_AUTO);
}

static enum fe_hierarchy str2hier(const char *hier)
{
	struct strtab hiertab[] = {
		{ "NONE", HIERARCHY_NONE },
		{ "1",    HIERARCHY_1 },
		{ "2",    HIERARCHY_2 },
		{ "4",    HIERARCHY_4 },
		{ "AUTO", HIERARCHY_AUTO },
		{ NULL, 0 }
	};
	return str2enum(hier, hiertab, HIERARCHY_AUTO);
}

static int tune_initial (int frontend_fd, const char *initial)
{
	FILE *inif;
	unsigned int f, sr;
	char buf[200];
	char pol[20], fec[20], qam[20], bw[20], fec2[20], mode[20], guard[20], hier[20];
	struct transponder *t;

	inif = fopen(initial, "r");
	if (!inif) {
		error("cannot open '%s': %d %m\n", initial, errno);
		return -1;
	}
	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), inif)) {
		if (buf[0] == '#' || buf[0] == '\n')
			;
		else if (sscanf(buf, "S %u %1[HVLR] %u %4s\n", &f, pol, &sr, fec) == 4) {
			t = alloc_transponder(f);
			t->type = FE_QPSK;
			switch(pol[0]) {
				case 'H':
				case 'L':
					t->polarisation = POLARISATION_HORIZONTAL;
					break;
				default:
					t->polarisation = POLARISATION_VERTICAL;;
					break;
			}
			t->param.inversion = spectral_inversion;
			t->param.u.qpsk.symbol_rate = sr;
			t->param.u.qpsk.fec_inner = str2fec(fec);
			info("initial transponder %u %c %u %d\n",
					t->param.frequency,
					pol[0], sr,
					t->param.u.qpsk.fec_inner);
		}
		else if (sscanf(buf, "C %u %u %4s %6s\n", &f, &sr, fec, qam) == 4) {
			t = alloc_transponder(f);
			t->type = FE_QAM;
			t->param.inversion = spectral_inversion;
			t->param.u.qam.symbol_rate = sr;
			t->param.u.qam.fec_inner = str2fec(fec);
			t->param.u.qam.modulation = str2qam(qam);
			info("initial transponder %u %u %d %d\n",
					t->param.frequency,
					sr,
					t->param.u.qam.fec_inner,
					t->param.u.qam.modulation);
		}
		else if (sscanf(buf, "T %u %4s %4s %4s %7s %4s %4s %4s\n",
					&f, bw, fec, fec2, qam, mode, guard, hier) == 8) {
			t = alloc_transponder(f);
			t->type = FE_OFDM;
			t->param.inversion = spectral_inversion;
			t->param.u.ofdm.bandwidth = str2bandwidth(bw);
			t->param.u.ofdm.code_rate_HP = str2fec(fec);
			if (t->param.u.ofdm.code_rate_HP == FEC_NONE)
				t->param.u.ofdm.code_rate_HP = FEC_AUTO;
			t->param.u.ofdm.code_rate_LP = str2fec(fec2);
			if (t->param.u.ofdm.code_rate_LP == FEC_NONE)
				t->param.u.ofdm.code_rate_LP = FEC_AUTO;
			t->param.u.ofdm.constellation = str2qam(qam);
			t->param.u.ofdm.transmission_mode = str2mode(mode);
			t->param.u.ofdm.guard_interval = str2guard(guard);
			t->param.u.ofdm.hierarchy_information = str2hier(hier);
			info("initial transponder %u %d %d %d %d %d %d %d\n",
					t->param.frequency,
					t->param.u.ofdm.bandwidth,
					t->param.u.ofdm.code_rate_HP,
					t->param.u.ofdm.code_rate_LP,
					t->param.u.ofdm.constellation,
					t->param.u.ofdm.transmission_mode,
					t->param.u.ofdm.guard_interval,
					t->param.u.ofdm.hierarchy_information);
		}
		else
			error("cannot parse'%s'\n", buf);
	}

	fclose(inif);

	return tune_to_next_transponder(frontend_fd);
}


static void scan_tp (void)
{
	struct section_buf s0;
	struct section_buf s1;
	struct section_buf s2;
	struct section_buf s3;

	/**
	 *  filter timeouts > min repetition rates specified in ETR211
	 */
	setup_filter (&s0, demux_devname, 0x00, 0x00, -1, 1, 0, 5); /* PAT */
	setup_filter (&s1, demux_devname, 0x11, 0x42, -1, 1, 0, 5); /* SDT */

	add_filter (&s0);
	add_filter (&s1);

	if (!current_tp_only || output_format != OUTPUT_PIDS) {
		setup_filter (&s2, demux_devname, 0x10, 0x40, -1, 1, 0, 15); /* NIT */
		add_filter (&s2);
		if (get_other_nits) {
			/* get NIT-others
			 * Note: There is more than one NIT-other: one per
			 * network, separated by the network_id.
			 */
			setup_filter (&s3, demux_devname, 0x10, 0x41, -1, 1, 1, 15);
			add_filter (&s3);
		}
	}

	do {
		read_filters ();
	} while (!(list_empty(&running_filters) &&
		   list_empty(&waiting_filters)));
}

static void scan_network (int frontend_fd, const char *initial)
{
	if (tune_initial (frontend_fd, initial) < 0) {
		error("initial tuning failed\n");
		return;
	}

	do {
		scan_tp();
	} while (tune_to_next_transponder(frontend_fd) == 0);
}


static void pids_dump_service_parameter_set(FILE *f, struct service *s)
{
        int i;

	fprintf(f, "%-24.24s (0x%04x) %02x: ", s->service_name, s->service_id, s->type);
	if (!s->pcr_pid || (s->type > 2))
		fprintf(f, "           ");
	else if (s->pcr_pid == s->video_pid)
		fprintf(f, "PCR == V   ");
	else if ((s->audio_num == 1) && (s->pcr_pid == s->audio_pid[0]))
		fprintf(f, "PCR == A   ");
	else
		fprintf(f, "PCR 0x%04x ", s->pcr_pid);
	if (s->video_pid)
		fprintf(f, "V 0x%04x", s->video_pid);
	else
		fprintf(f, "        ");
	if (s->audio_num)
		fprintf(f, " A");
        for (i = 0; i < s->audio_num; i++) {
		fprintf(f, " 0x%04x", s->audio_pid[i]);
		if (s->audio_lang[i][0])
			fprintf(f, " (%.3s)", s->audio_lang[i]);
		else if (s->audio_num == 1)
			fprintf(f, "      ");
	}
	if (s->teletext_pid)
		fprintf(f, " TT 0x%04x", s->teletext_pid);
	if (s->ac3_pid)
		fprintf(f, " AC3 0x%04x", s->ac3_pid);
	if (s->subtitling_pid)
		fprintf(f, " SUB 0x%04x", s->subtitling_pid);
	fprintf(f, "\n");
}

static char sat_polarisation (struct transponder *t)
{
	return t->polarisation == POLARISATION_VERTICAL ? 'v' : 'h';
}

static int sat_number (struct transponder *t)
{
	return switch_pos;
}

static void dump_lists (void)
{
	struct list_head *p1, *p2;
	struct transponder *t;
	struct service *s;
	int n = 0, i;
	char sn[20];

	list_for_each(p1, &scanned_transponders) {
		t = list_entry(p1, struct transponder, list);
		if (t->wrong_frequency)
			continue;
		list_for_each(p2, &t->services) {
			n++;
		}
	}
	info("dumping lists (%d services)\n", n);

	list_for_each(p1, &scanned_transponders) {
		t = list_entry(p1, struct transponder, list);
		if (t->wrong_frequency)
			continue;
		list_for_each(p2, &t->services) {
			s = list_entry(p2, struct service, list);

			if (!s->service_name) {
				/* not in SDT */
				snprintf(sn, sizeof(sn), "[%04x]", s->service_id);
				s->service_name = strdup(sn);
			}
			/* ':' is field separator in szap and vdr service lists */
			for (i = 0; s->service_name[i]; i++) {
				if (s->service_name[i] == ':')
					s->service_name[i] = ' ';
			}
			for (i = 0; s->provider_name && s->provider_name[i]; i++) {
				if (s->provider_name[i] == ':')
					s->provider_name[i] = ' ';
			}
			if (s->video_pid && !(serv_select & 1))
				continue; /* no TV services */
			if (!s->video_pid && s->audio_num && !(serv_select & 2))
				continue; /* no radio services */
			if (!s->video_pid && !s->audio_num && !(serv_select & 4))
				continue; /* no data/other services */
			if (s->scrambled && !ca_select)
				continue; /* FTA only */
			switch (output_format)
			{
			  case OUTPUT_PIDS:
				pids_dump_service_parameter_set (stdout, s);
				break;
			  case OUTPUT_VDR:
				vdr_dump_service_parameter_set (stdout,
						    s->service_name,
						    s->provider_name,
						    t->type,
						    &t->param,
						    sat_polarisation(t),
						    s->video_pid,
						    s->pcr_pid,
						    s->audio_pid,
						    //FIXME: s->audio_lang
						    s->audio_num,
						    s->teletext_pid,
						    s->scrambled,
						    //FIXME: s->subtitling_pid
						    s->ac3_pid,
						    s->service_id,
						    t->network_id,
						    s->transport_stream_id,
						    t->orbital_pos,
						    t->we_flag,
						    vdr_dump_provider,
						    ca_select,
						    vdr_version,
						    vdr_dump_channum,
						    s->channel_num);
				break;
			  case OUTPUT_ZAP:
				zap_dump_service_parameter_set (stdout,
						    s->service_name,
						    t->type,
						    &t->param,
						    sat_polarisation(t),
						    sat_number(t),
						    s->video_pid,
						    s->audio_pid,
						    s->service_id);
			  default:
				break;
			  }
		}
	}
	info("Done.\n");
}

static void show_existing_tuning_data_files(void)
{
#ifndef DATADIR
#define DATADIR "/usr/local/share"
#endif
	static const char* prefixlist[] = { DATADIR "/dvb", "/etc/dvb", 
					    DATADIR "/doc/packages/dvb", 0 };
	int i;
	const char **prefix;
	fprintf(stderr, "initial tuning data files:\n");
	for (prefix = prefixlist; *prefix; prefix++) {
		glob_t globbuf = {0};
		char* globspec = malloc (strlen(*prefix)+9);
		strcpy (globspec, *prefix); strcat (globspec, "/dvb-?/*");
		if (! glob (globspec, 0, 0, &globbuf)) {
			for (i=0; i < globbuf.gl_pathc; i++) 
				fprintf(stderr, " file: %s\n", globbuf.gl_pathv[i]);
		}
		free (globspec);
		globfree (&globbuf);
	}
}

static void handle_sigint(int sig)
{
	error("interrupted by SIGINT, dumping partial result...\n");
	dump_lists();
	exit(2);
}

static const char *usage = "\n"
	"usage: %s [options...] [-c | initial-tuning-data-file]\n"
	"	dvbscan doesn't do frequency scans, hence it needs initial\n"
	"	tuning data for at least one transponder/channel.\n"
	"	-c	scan on currently tuned transponder only\n"
	"	-v 	verbose (repeat for more)\n"
	"	-q 	quiet (repeat for less)\n"
	"	-a N	use DVB /dev/dvb/adapterN/\n"
	"	-f N	use DVB /dev/dvb/adapter?/frontendN\n"
	"	-d N	use DVB /dev/dvb/adapter?/demuxN\n"
	"	-s N	use DiSEqC switch position N (DVB-S only)\n"
	"	-i N	spectral inversion setting (0: off, 1: on, 2: auto [default])\n"
	"	-n	evaluate NIT-other for full network scan (slow!)\n"
	"	-5	multiply all filter timeouts by factor 5\n"
	"		for non-DVB-compliant section repitition rates\n"
	"	-o fmt	output format: 'zap' (default), 'vdr' or 'pids' (default with -c)\n"
	"	-x N	Conditional Axcess, (default 1)\n"
	"		N=0 gets only FTA channels\n"
	"		N=xxx sets ca field in vdr output to :xxx:\n"
	"	-t N	Service select, Combined bitfield parameter.\n"
	"		1 = TV, 2 = Radio, 4 = Other, (default 7)\n"
	"	-p	for vdr output format: dump provider name\n"
	"	-e N	VDR version, default 2 for VDR-1.2.x\n"
	"		ANYTHING ELSE GIVES NONZERO NIT and TID\n"
	"		Vdr version 1.3.x and up implies -p.\n"
	"	-l lnb-type (DVB-S Only) (use -l help to print types) or \n"
	"	-l low[,high[,switch]] in Mhz\n"
	"	-u      UK DVB-T Freeview channel numbering for VDR\n";

void
bad_usage(char *pname, int problem)
{
	int i;
	struct lnb_types_st *lnbp;
	char **cp;

	switch (problem) {
	default:
	case 0:
		fprintf (stderr, usage, pname);
		break;
	case 1:
		i = 0;
		fprintf(stderr, "-l <lnb-type> or -l low[,high[,switch]] in Mhz\n"
			"where <lnb-type> is:\n");
		while(NULL != (lnbp = lnb_enum(i))) {
			fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", lnbp->name);
			for (cp = lnbp->desc; *cp ; cp++) {
				fprintf (stderr, "   %s\n", *cp);
			}
			i++;
		}
		break;
	case 2:
		show_existing_tuning_data_files();
		fprintf (stderr, usage, pname);
	}
}

int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
	char frontend_devname [80];
	int adapter = 0, frontend = 0, demux = 0;
	int opt, i;
	int frontend_fd;
	int fe_open_mode;
	const char *initial = NULL;

	if (argc <= 1) {
	    bad_usage(argv[0], 2);
	    return -1;
	}

	/* start with default lnb type */
	lnb_type = *lnb_enum(0);
	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "5cnpa:f:d:s:o:x:e:t:i:l:vqu")) != -1) {
		switch (opt) {
		case 'a':
			adapter = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
			break;
		case 'c':
			current_tp_only = 1;
			output_format = OUTPUT_PIDS;
			break;
		case 'n':
			get_other_nits = 1;
			break;
		case 'd':
			demux = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
			break;
		case 'f':
			frontend = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
			break;
		case 'p':
			vdr_dump_provider = 1;
			break;
		case 's':
			switch_pos = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
			break;
		case 'o':
                        if      (strcmp(optarg, "zap") == 0) output_format = OUTPUT_ZAP;
                        else if (strcmp(optarg, "vdr") == 0) output_format = OUTPUT_VDR;
                        else if (strcmp(optarg, "pids") == 0) output_format = OUTPUT_PIDS;
                        else {
				bad_usage(argv[0], 0);
				return -1;
			}
			break;
		case '5':
			long_timeout = 1;
			break;
		case 'x':
			ca_select = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
			break;
		case 'e':
			vdr_version = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
			break;
		case 't':
			serv_select = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
			break;
		case 'i':
			spectral_inversion = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0);
			break;
		case 'l':
			if (lnb_decode(optarg, &lnb_type) < 0) {
				bad_usage(argv[0], 1);
				return -1;
			}
			break;
		case 'v':
			verbosity++;
			break;
		case 'q':
			if (--verbosity < 0)
				verbosity = 0;
			break;
		case 'u':
			vdr_dump_channum = 1;
			break;
		default:
			bad_usage(argv[0], 0);
			return -1;
		};
	}

	if (optind < argc)
		initial = argv[optind];
	if ((!initial && !current_tp_only) || (initial && current_tp_only) ||
			(spectral_inversion > 2)) {
		bad_usage(argv[0], 0);
		return -1;
	}
	lnb_type.low_val *= 1000;	/* convert to kiloherz */
	lnb_type.high_val *= 1000;	/* convert to kiloherz */
	lnb_type.switch_val *= 1000;	/* convert to kiloherz */
	if (switch_pos >= 4) {
		fprintf (stderr, "switch position needs to be < 4!\n");
		return -1;
	}
	if (initial)
		info("scanning %s\n", initial);

	snprintf (frontend_devname, sizeof(frontend_devname),
		  "/dev/dvb/adapter%i/frontend%i", adapter, frontend);

	snprintf (demux_devname, sizeof(demux_devname),
		  "/dev/dvb/adapter%i/demux%i", adapter, demux);
	info("using '%s' and '%s'\n", frontend_devname, demux_devname);

	for (i = 0; i < MAX_RUNNING; i++)
		poll_fds[i].fd = -1;

	fe_open_mode = current_tp_only ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR;
	if ((frontend_fd = open (frontend_devname, fe_open_mode)) < 0)
		fatal("failed to open '%s': %d %m\n", frontend_devname, errno);
	/* determine FE type and caps */
	if (ioctl(frontend_fd, FE_GET_INFO, &fe_info) == -1)
		fatal("FE_GET_INFO failed: %d %m\n", errno);

	if ((spectral_inversion == INVERSION_AUTO ) &&
	    !(fe_info.caps & FE_CAN_INVERSION_AUTO)) {
		info("Frontend can not do INVERSION_AUTO, trying INVERSION_OFF instead\n");
		spectral_inversion = INVERSION_OFF;
	}

	signal(SIGINT, handle_sigint);

	if (current_tp_only) {
		current_tp = alloc_transponder(0); /* dummy */
		/* move TP from "new" to "scanned" list */
		list_del_init(&current_tp->list);
		list_add_tail(&current_tp->list, &scanned_transponders);
		current_tp->scan_done = 1;
		scan_tp ();
	}
	else
		scan_network (frontend_fd, initial);

	close (frontend_fd);

	dump_lists ();

	return 0;
}

static void dump_dvb_parameters (FILE *f, struct transponder *t)
{
	switch (output_format) {
		case OUTPUT_PIDS:
		case OUTPUT_VDR:
			vdr_dump_dvb_parameters(f, t->type, &t->param,
					sat_polarisation (t), t->orbital_pos, t->we_flag);
			break;
		case OUTPUT_ZAP:
			zap_dump_dvb_parameters (f, t->type, &t->param,
					sat_polarisation (t), sat_number (t));
			break;
		default:
			break;
	}
}
-------------- next part --------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <linux/dvb/frontend.h>
#include "dump-zap.h"

static const char *inv_name [] = {
	"INVERSION_OFF",
	"INVERSION_ON",
	"INVERSION_AUTO"
};

static const char *fec_name [] = {
	"FEC_NONE",
	"FEC_1_2",
	"FEC_2_3",
	"FEC_3_4",
	"FEC_4_5",
	"FEC_5_6",
	"FEC_6_7",
	"FEC_7_8",
	"FEC_8_9",
	"FEC_AUTO"
};


static const char *qam_name [] = {
	"QPSK",
	"QAM_16",
	"QAM_32",
	"QAM_64",
	"QAM_128",
	"QAM_256",
	"QAM_AUTO"
};


static const char *bw_name [] = {
	"BANDWIDTH_8_MHZ",
	"BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ",
	"BANDWIDTH_6_MHZ",
	"BANDWIDTH_AUTO"
};


static const char *mode_name [] = {
	"TRANSMISSION_MODE_2K",
	"TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K",
	"TRANSMISSION_MODE_AUTO"
};

static const char *guard_name [] = {
	"GUARD_INTERVAL_1_32",
	"GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16",
	"GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8",
	"GUARD_INTERVAL_1_4",
	"GUARD_INTERVAL_AUTO"
};


static const char *hierarchy_name [] = {
	"HIERARCHY_NONE",
	"HIERARCHY_1",
	"HIERARCHY_2",
	"HIERARCHY_4",
	"HIERARCHY_AUTO"
};


void zap_dump_dvb_parameters (FILE *f, fe_type_t type, struct dvb_frontend_parameters *p, char polarity, int sat_number)
{
	switch (type) {
	case FE_QPSK:
		fprintf (f, "%i:", p->frequency / 1000);	/* channels.conf wants MHz */
		fprintf (f, "%c:", polarity);
		fprintf (f, "%d:", sat_number);
		fprintf (f, "%i", p->u.qpsk.symbol_rate / 1000); /* channels.conf wants kBaud */
		/*fprintf (f, "%s", fec_name[p->u.qpsk.fec_inner]);*/
		break;

	case FE_QAM:
		fprintf (f, "%i:", p->frequency);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", inv_name[p->inversion]);
		fprintf (f, "%i:", p->u.qpsk.symbol_rate);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", fec_name[p->u.qpsk.fec_inner]);
		fprintf (f, "%s", qam_name[p->u.qam.modulation]);
		break;

	case FE_OFDM:
		fprintf (f, "%i:", p->frequency);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", inv_name[p->inversion]);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", bw_name[p->u.ofdm.bandwidth]);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", fec_name[p->u.ofdm.code_rate_HP]);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", fec_name[p->u.ofdm.code_rate_LP]);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", qam_name[p->u.ofdm.constellation]);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", mode_name[p->u.ofdm.transmission_mode]);
		fprintf (f, "%s:", guard_name[p->u.ofdm.guard_interval]);
		fprintf (f, "%s", hierarchy_name[p->u.ofdm.hierarchy_information]);
		break;

	default:
		;
	};
}

void zap_dump_service_parameter_set (FILE *f, 
				 const char *service_name,
				 fe_type_t type,
				 struct dvb_frontend_parameters *p,
				 char polarity,
				 int sat_number,
				 uint16_t video_pid,
				 uint16_t *audio_pid,
				 uint16_t service_id)
{
	fprintf (f, "%s:", service_name);
	zap_dump_dvb_parameters (f, type, p, polarity, sat_number);
	fprintf (f, ":%i:%i:%i", video_pid, audio_pid[0], service_id);
	fprintf (f, "\n");
}

-------------- next part --------------
#ifndef __DUMP_ZAP_H__
#define __DUMP_ZAP_H__

#include <stdint.h>
#include <linux/dvb/frontend.h>

extern void zap_dump_dvb_parameters (FILE *f, fe_type_t type,
		struct dvb_frontend_parameters *t, char polarity, int sat);

extern void zap_dump_service_parameter_set (FILE *f,
				 const char *service_name,
				 fe_type_t type,
				 struct dvb_frontend_parameters *t,
				 char polarity, int sat,
				 uint16_t video_pid,
				 uint16_t *audio_pid,
				 uint16_t service_id);

#endif


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