Hi, thanks a lot for the help, Clemens. [...] > The "options snd-xxx index=..." lines look OK. thanks for the confirmation, this already helps a lot. > Please check in /sys/module/snd-xxx/parameters/index that the options > actually got applied. Urgs, thanks for the hint. Doesn't seem to be the case: cat /sys/module/snd_usb_audio/parameters/index -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1 The same for the AC '97 chip. > > II.) When doing an /etc/init.d/alsasound restart, all cards are > > lost. cat /proc/asound/cards tell me "no cards". I get back my USB > > devices as soon as I replug them thanks to hotplug, but the > > internal card is lost until I reload the modules manually *or* > > reboot the machine. > > How does the alsasound script look like? > > I guess it looks for snd-card-x aliases in /etc/modprobe.conf, and > your first problem may indicate that this file doesn't exist. /etc/modprobe.conf does exist but only contains a coment that edits should go to /etc/modules.conf. AFAIK the former one is for 2.4 kernels while the latter one is for 2.6, right? When I look into /etc/modules.conf, I can find the lines ### modules-update: start processing /etc/modules.d/alsa and ### modules-update: end processing /etc/modules.d/alsa Between them, I find the lines I put in /etc/modules.d/alsa manually, so this looks promising. [...] > /etc/modules.d/alsa :-) or wherever your distribution wants to have > the "options" lines for modules. OK, thanks to your questions I understood the loading of the modules a bit better. So I added the nrpacks parameter into /etc/modules.d/alsa; the line now reads as options snd-usb-audio index=2,3,4,5 vid=0x0ccd,0x0763,0x0763,0x0582 pid=0x0028,0x1033,0x0117,0x0009 nrpacks=1 I hope I got the syntax right. So I think: * I sucessfully edited /etc/modules.d/alsa * This file gets sucessfully processed by modules-update * Its contents are sucessfully ported to /etc/modules.conf But OTOH somehow it look like /etc/alsasound start doesn't care about /etc/modules.conf, because otherwise ALSA should know my AC '97 card as well as my USB hardware (by loading the modules). So I open /etc/init.d/alsasound. At the beginning I find the following comment: # Rewritten for better support for built-in drivers # Jeremy Huddleston <eradicator@xxxxxxxxxx> # 2004.06.02 Then I see the following lines; nothing special... alsactl=/usr/sbin/alsactl asoundcfg=/etc/asound.state aconnect=/usr/bin/aconnect ...except for this one: alsascrdir=/etc/alsa.d This directory doesn't exist at all. Furthermore I searched for a line containing "modules.conf" but I didn't detect any. "/etc/init.d/alsa" calls "modprobe" at several lines. Does "modprobe" read "/etc/modules.conf"?!? I hope so, but is hope enough ;-) ? Is there any way to check whether /etc/modules.conf is read while loading the ALSA modules or not? Best regards ce