Thanks for the replies. Top-notch insight as always. I neglected mechanical tolerance. One of the reasons I'm so interested is that the last time I checked, ALSA seq did not handle 7-bit (N)RPN events. The ALSA 'encoder' code seemed to indicate it did not handle them. It did not handle them from my mid-80's keyboard. That's one reason why I have been believing that I must make my own encoder in MusE. (I would also have complete control, over low-byte timeouts, byte ordering, etc.) Have things changed, or was there something I overlooked? T. _______________________________________________ Linux-audio-user mailing list Linux-audio-user@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx http://lists.linuxaudio.org/listinfo/linux-audio-user