[ (Non-cross)posted to IETF discussions, NANOG, PPML, RIPE IPv6 wg,
Dutch IPv6 TF. Web version for the monospace font impaired and with
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http://www.bgpexpert.com/addrspace2008.php ]
2008 IPv4 Address Use Report
As of January first, 2009, the number of unused IPv4 addresses is
925.58 million. On January 1, 2008, it was 1122.85 million. So in
2008, 197.27 million addresses were used up. With 3706.65 million
usable addresses, this means that 75.3% of the available IPv4
addresses are in some kind of use, up from 69.7% a year ago. So the
depletion of the IPv4 address reserves is continuing in much the same
way as in previous years:
Date Addresses free Used up
2006-01-01 1468.61 M
2007-01-01 1300.65 M 167.96 M
2008-01-01 1122.85 M 177.80 M (with return of 16.78 M to IANA)
2009-01-01 925.58 M 197.27 M
These figures are derived from from the Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority's IPv4 Global Unicast Address Assignments page and the
records published on the FTP servers of the five Regional Internet
Registries (RIRs): AfriNIC, which gives out address space in Africa,
APNIC (Asia-Pacific region), ARIN (North America), LACNIC (Latin
American and the Caribbean) and the RIPE NCC (Europe, the former
Soviet Union and the Middle East).
The IANA list shows the status of all 256 blocks of 16777216 addresses
identified by the first 8-bit number in the IPv4 address. (Note that
the file is in a somewhat different format than in previous years.)
The RIR data indicates how much address space the RIRs have delegated
to internet service providers (and sometimes end-users).
Delegated Blocks +/- 2008 Addresses Used Available
to/status (in millions)
AfriNIC 2 33.55 9.18 24.37
APNIC 30 +4 503.32 454.36 48.96
ARIN 31 +4 520.09 446.06 74.03
LACNIC 6 100.66 68.88 31.78
RIPE NCC 26 436.21 423.65 12.56
LEGACY 92 +1 1543.50 1363.29 180.21
UNALLOCATED 34 -9 570.43 570.43
Totals 221 3707.76 2765.42 942.34
The difference between the 942.34 million free addresses here and
925.58 million earlier is explained by the fact that the 43.0.0.0/8
legacy block shows up as delegated in the IANA list, but not in the
APNIC delegation records. In previous years, 7.0.0.0/8 didn't show up
in the IANA records but it did in the ARIN records. This has now been
fixed, hence the increase in legacy delegations. No legacy blocks were
returned to IANA in 2008.
The total number of available addresses is slightly higher than the
previously mentioned figure at 3707.76 million because the table above
includes 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16, which are set aside for
private use.
Networks 0.0.0.0/8 and 127.0.0.0/8 aren't usable because of special
uses and 10.0.0.0/8 is also set aside for private use. 224 - 239 are
multicast addresses, and 240 - 255 is class E, which is "reserved" for
future use. If the class E space could be used, it would increase the
available address space by 268 million addresses. The past two years,
this has been a topic of hot debate in the IETF and elsewhere. The
problem is that almost all operating systems need modification to be
able to use class E addresses, and a good part of the installed base
of devices connected to the internet must be considered unupgradable.
The 2781.07 million addresses currently in use aren't very evenly
distributed over the countries in the world. The current top 15 is:
2009-01-01 2008-01-01 increase Country
1 - US 1458.21 M 1408.15 M 4% United States
2 (3) CN 181.80 M 135.31 M 34% China
3 (2) JP 151.56 M 141.47 M 7% Japan
4 - EU 120.29 M 120.35 M 0% Multi-country in
Europe
5 - GB 86.31 M 83.50 M 3% United Kingdom
6 (7) DE 81.75 M 72.46 M 13% Germany
7 (6) CA 74.49 M 73.20 M 2% Canada
8 - FR 68.04 M 67.79 M 0% France
9 - KR 66.82 M 58.86 M 14% Korea
10 - AU 36.26 M 33.43 M 8% Australia
11 (12) BR 29.75 M 23.46 M 27% Brazil
12 (11) IT 29.64 M 24.04 M 23% Italy
13 (16) TW 24.01 M 19.83 M 21% Taiwan
14 (18) RU 23.18 M 17.01 M 36% Russia
15 (14) ES 21.67 M 20.42 M 6% Spain
In 2008, the United States was again the biggest user of new address
space with no less than 50 million addresses added to the 1.4 billion
they already had at the beginning of the year. China is a close second
with 46.50 million new addresses. There is no clear trend in the
growth percentages. A few countries like France and the UK show very
modest growth, while other countries with a large installed base like
Germany and Korea saw double digit growth percentages. And in addition
to China, Brazil, Taiwan and Russia, but also Italy, are catching up.
The US now holds 52.4% of the IPv4 address space in use. The total for
the top 15 excluding the US is 35.8%. The rest of the world gets the
remaining 327.23 million addresses, or 11.8%.
The size of address blocks given out was increasing until 2005, but
now shows a downturn. The table below shows the number of delegations
for a certain range of block sizes (equal or higher than the first,
lower than the second value).
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
< 1000 547 745 1022 1309 1507 1830 1896
1000 - 8000 897 1009 1516 1891 2265 2839 3235
8000 - 64k 822 1014 1100 1039 1192 1015 1129
64k - 500k 163 215 404 309 419 395 410
500k - 2M 29 46 61 60 57 62 82
> 2M 5 6 7 18 17 24 18
In millions of addresses:
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
< 1000 0.18 0.25 0.35 0.44 0.51 0.63 0.65
1000 - 8000 3.23 3.45 4.49 5.07 5.83 6.93 7.75
8000 - 64k 11.35 14.00 15.99 15.46 18.01 15.67 17.40
64k - 500k 20.28 25.51 42.01 34.23 50.86 50.83 52.58
500k - 2M 21.30 31.98 44.63 41.63 46.69 45.50 57.41
> 2M 12.58 12.58 20.97 68.62 52.43 67.37 54.00
The growth in the smallest and largest categories has been curtailed,
but this growth now seems to happen in the second smallest and second
largest categories, so the total effect isn't all that different, as
indicated by the number of addresses given out per request/delegation:
Year Blocks Addresses (M) Average block size
2000 2794 78.35 28043
2001 2824 88.95 31497
2002 2463 68.93 27985
2003 3035 87.77 28921
2004 4110 128.45 31252
2005 4626 165.45 35765
2006 5457 174.32 31945
2007 6165 186.92 30320
2008 6770 189.79 28035
(The numbers of addresses given out are lower here because ARIN often
attributes the delegation of new addresses to a previous year, this
view doesn't correct for that.)
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