To complement Geoff's numbers, I will add this: there is a phenomenon that can't be measured by numbers, and this phenomenon is "stockpiling just in case". What I see a lot today is enterprise administrators requesting way more addresses than they could use, "just in case". It's just like when there is a hurricane warning: even if the hurricane is forecast to landfall two hundred miles away with a 20 miles error margin, everyone rushes to the supermarket to stockpile mineral water and rice. We have collectively said so many times that IPv4 addresses were going to be rationed that people stockpile them, especially when is costs nothing. The typical scenario being: a 1,000 person organization, 700 desktops and some server is going to request a /20 to their ISP because they can justify it. It costs nothing more than requesting a /24. The reality is that the organization conveniently "forgets" to mention that 99% of the desktops and 75% of the servers are behind NAT with a RFC1918 address and that they barely use two /25s. It's a matter of money, as always: when IPv4 addresses begin to be difficult to find, people that have excess of them will sell them, rent them, or ask for financial incentives to release them. IPv4 addresses will never run out, they will simply come at a cost. For the next 25 years, as long as I am willing to pay $5/month for an IPv4 address, I have one. Michel. _______________________________________________ Ietf@xxxxxxxx https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ietf