> From: gnulinux@xxxxxxxxxxx > ... > false positives. even *one* false positive is > unacceptable. even if my filter accuracy was 99.99% i > would still need to trawl my spam folder to check for > false positives. and as the spam volume continues to > grow trawling the spam folder takes more and more > time. i need to stop false positives and digital > signatures are one possible solution. Digital signatures cannot stop false positives. Even if all mail were digitally signed, there would still be cases where the wrong key was used, the right key did not reach the mail recipient before the mail message, a cert expires, or something else hiccups. The underlying error rate for SMTP before spam appeared was worse than 0.01%. Do you think that 99.99% of HTTPS (HTTP over TLS or SSL) transactions work? If so, look again. If not, why would email be better? If you cannot afford even one false positive, then you had better give up on email. My spam load is more than 300 messages/day, counting only unsolicited bulk advertising. I receive 50-150 legitimate messages per day. It would be impossible for me manually filter that stream to 99.99% accuracy and so overlook fewer than 1 legitimate message per 10,000 or fewer than one per month. No one can look at 10,000 messages per month, never misclassify any as spam or not, and do any other work. Talk about not losing even one message makes sense only if you receive almost no spam. People who talk about 99.99% accurate spam filters as if they were possible - don't know how computers work in the real world (e.g. have no idea why the phrase "key distribution" makes some people cringe or assume the tooth fairy handles key revocation) - don't receive much spam - are innumerate - are charlatans. - are two or more of the above. At least weekly I'm told of yet another final ultimate solution to the spam problem with 100% accuracy. They are all frauds, like weight loss diets without hunger or any other inconveniences. Sometimes they have creative definitions of "spam" and "false positive." Usually they are merely obvious wishful thinking and nonsense, like the hoary old claim that authentication (including digital signatures) will stop spam. Vernon Schryver vjs@xxxxxxxxxxxx