Valdis, > Valdis Kletnieks wrote: > And unfortunately, a lot of the Just Does Not Work stuff are > applications like H.323 and VOIP that Joe Sixpack actually > *might* be interested in. Unfortunately, there is no single reason [protocol or app xyz] does not work over NAT. When [protocol or app xyz] does not work, it's a combination of _two_ things. 1. The protocol designer designed a protocol that is not NAT-capable therefore the protocol designer is stupid. 2. The network administrator tries to run a protocol that is not NAT-capable over NAT therefore the network administrator is stupid. As a protocol designer, I will say that the network administrator is the one being stupid because if s/he even understood the basics of protocol design s/he would understand why I have to embed the port number in the packet. As a network administrator, I will say that the protocol designer is the one being stupid because if s/he had any clue about what it takes to operate a network s/he would not have designed a protocol that could not cross NAT. Conclusion: this leads us nowhere. Michel.