[PATCH] apply: support --ours, --theirs, and --union for three-way merges

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--ours, --theirs, and --union are already supported in `git merge-file`
for automatically resolving conflicts in favor of one version or the
other, instead of leaving conflict markers in the file. Support them in
`git apply -3` as well because the two commands do the same kind of
file-level merges.

In case in the future --ours, --theirs, and --union gain a meaning
outside of three-way-merges, they do not imply --3way but rather must be
specified alongside it.

Signed-off-by: Alex Henrie <alexhenrie24@xxxxxxxxx>
---
 Documentation/git-apply.txt |  9 ++++++-
 apply.c                     | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 apply.h                     |  2 ++
 t/t4108-apply-threeway.sh   | 40 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 96 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
index 9cce68a38b..dd4a61ef28 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ git-apply - Apply a patch to files and/or to the index
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index | --intent-to-add] [--3way]
+'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check]
+	  [--index | --intent-to-add] [--3way] [--ours | --theirs | --union]
 	  [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse]
 	  [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
 	  [-p<n>] [-C<n>] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
@@ -92,6 +93,12 @@ OPTIONS
 	When used with the `--cached` option, any conflicts are left at higher stages
 	in the cache.
 
+--ours::
+--theirs::
+--union::
+	Instead of leaving conflicts in the file, resolve conflicts favouring
+	our (or their or both) side of the lines. Requires --3way.
+
 --build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
 	Newer 'git diff' output has embedded 'index information'
 	for each blob to help identify the original version that
diff --git a/apply.c b/apply.c
index 6e1060a952..e47ec6dc56 100644
--- a/apply.c
+++ b/apply.c
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ int init_apply_state(struct apply_state *state,
 	state->prefix = prefix;
 	state->repo = repo;
 	state->apply = 1;
+	state->merge_opts.conflict_style = -1;
 	state->line_termination = '\n';
 	state->p_value = 1;
 	state->p_context = UINT_MAX;
@@ -3578,7 +3579,7 @@ static int three_way_merge(struct apply_state *state,
 			  &our_file, "ours",
 			  &their_file, "theirs",
 			  state->repo->index,
-			  NULL);
+			  &state->merge_opts);
 	if (status == LL_MERGE_BINARY_CONFLICT)
 		warning("Cannot merge binary files: %s (%s vs. %s)",
 			path, "ours", "theirs");
@@ -3704,7 +3705,15 @@ static int try_threeway(struct apply_state *state,
 		return status;
 	}
 
-	if (status) {
+	if (state->merge_opts.variant) {
+		/*
+		 * XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_(OURS|THEIRS|UNION) automatically resolves
+		 * conflicts, but the ll_merge function is not yet smart enough
+		 * to report whether or not there were conflicts, so just print
+		 * a generic message.
+		 */
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Applied patch to '%s'.\n"), patch->new_name);
+	} else if (status) {
 		patch->conflicted_threeway = 1;
 		if (patch->is_new)
 			oidclr(&patch->threeway_stage[0], the_repository->hash_algo);
@@ -4980,6 +4989,23 @@ static int apply_option_parse_space_change(const struct option *opt,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int apply_option_parse_favorite(const struct option *opt,
+				       const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	struct apply_state *state = opt->value;
+
+	BUG_ON_OPT_ARG(arg);
+	BUG_ON_OPT_NEG(unset);
+
+	if (!strcmp(opt->long_name, "ours"))
+		state->merge_opts.variant = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS;
+	else if (!strcmp(opt->long_name, "theirs"))
+		state->merge_opts.variant = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_THEIRS;
+	else
+		state->merge_opts.variant = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int apply_option_parse_whitespace(const struct option *opt,
 					 const char *arg, int unset)
 {
@@ -5151,6 +5177,18 @@ int apply_parse_options(int argc, const char **argv,
 			N_("also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)")),
 		OPT_BOOL('3', "3way", &state->threeway,
 			 N_( "attempt three-way merge, fall back on normal patch if that fails")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "ours", state, NULL,
+			N_("for conflicts, use our version"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			apply_option_parse_favorite),
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "theirs", state, NULL,
+			N_("for conflicts, use their version"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			apply_option_parse_favorite),
+		OPT_CALLBACK_F(0, "union", state, NULL,
+			N_("for conflicts, use a union version"),
+			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+			apply_option_parse_favorite),
 		OPT_FILENAME(0, "build-fake-ancestor", &state->fake_ancestor,
 			N_("build a temporary index based on embedded index information")),
 		/* Think twice before adding "--nul" synonym to this */
@@ -5190,5 +5228,10 @@ int apply_parse_options(int argc, const char **argv,
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	return parse_options(argc, argv, state->prefix, builtin_apply_options, apply_usage, 0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, state->prefix, builtin_apply_options, apply_usage, 0);
+
+	if (state->merge_opts.variant && !state->threeway)
+		die(_("--ours, --theirs, and --union require --3way"));
+
+	return argc;
 }
diff --git a/apply.h b/apply.h
index cd25d24cc4..096f4472b4 100644
--- a/apply.h
+++ b/apply.h
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 #include "hash.h"
 #include "lockfile.h"
+#include "merge-ll.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "strmap.h"
 
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ struct apply_state {
 	struct repository *repo;
 	const char *index_file;
 	enum apply_verbosity apply_verbosity;
+	struct ll_merge_options merge_opts;
 	char *fake_ancestor;
 	const char *patch_input_file;
 	int line_termination;
diff --git a/t/t4108-apply-threeway.sh b/t/t4108-apply-threeway.sh
index 3211e1e65f..c6302163d8 100755
--- a/t/t4108-apply-threeway.sh
+++ b/t/t4108-apply-threeway.sh
@@ -82,6 +82,46 @@ test_expect_success 'apply with --3way with merge.conflictStyle = diff3' '
 	test_apply_with_3way
 '
 
+test_apply_with_3way_favoritism () {
+	apply_arg=$1
+	merge_arg=$2
+
+	# Merging side should be similar to applying this patch
+	git diff ...side >P.diff &&
+
+	# The corresponding conflicted merge
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout main^0 &&
+	git merge --no-commit $merge_arg side &&
+	git ls-files -s >expect.ls &&
+	print_sanitized_conflicted_diff >expect.diff &&
+
+	# should apply successfully
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout main^0 &&
+	git apply --index --3way $apply_arg P.diff &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual.ls &&
+	print_sanitized_conflicted_diff >actual.diff &&
+
+	# The result should resemble the corresponding merge
+	test_cmp expect.ls actual.ls &&
+	test_cmp expect.diff actual.diff
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'apply with --3way --ours' '
+	test_apply_with_3way_favoritism --ours -Xours
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply with --3way --theirs' '
+	test_apply_with_3way_favoritism --theirs -Xtheirs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply with --3way --union' '
+	echo "* merge=union" >.gitattributes &&
+	test_apply_with_3way_favoritism --union &&
+	rm .gitattributes
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'apply with --3way with rerere enabled' '
 	test_config rerere.enabled true &&
 
-- 
2.46.0





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