Even the default `GCC` in `Ubuntu-18.04` (`GCC 7.5.0`with the `-std=gnu++20` option removed) produces an unrelocatable symbol (i.e., `R_X86_64_PC32`)! So an incorrect configuration seems unlikely. On Tue, 12 Nov 2024 at 16:53, Ahmad Nouralizadeh <ahmad.mlists@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > A more readable version of the question is asked here: > https://stackoverflow.com/q/79181286/6661026 > > On Mon, 11 Nov 2024 at 16:03, Ahmad Nouralizadeh <ahmad.mlists@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: > > > > Hi, > > On an `Ubuntu 24.04`, using the default `GCC-13.2` compiler I compiled > > a source file with `-fPIC` option to produce relocatable binary: > > > > /usr/bin/c++ -v -DBPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1 -DSPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB > > -Dbpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS > > -I/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum > > -I/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include > > -fno-omit-frame-pointer -O3 -DNDEBUG -std=gnu++20 -fPIC -o > > text_segment_transformer.cpp.o -c > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/attach/text_segment_transformer/text_segment_transformer.cpp > > > > The compiler output is as follows: > > > > Using built-in specs. > > COLLECT_GCC=/usr/bin/c++ > > OFFLOAD_TARGET_NAMES=nvptx-none:amdgcn-amdhsa > > OFFLOAD_TARGET_DEFAULT=1 > > Target: x86_64-linux-gnu > > Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu > > 13.2.0-23ubuntu4' > > --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-13/README.Bugs > > --enable-languages=c,ada,c++,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++,m2 > > --prefix=/usr --with-gcc-major-version-only --program-suffix=-13 > > --program-prefix=x86_64-linux-gnu- --enable-shared > > --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/libexec > > --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --libdir=/usr/lib > > --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug > > --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new > > --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-gnu-unique-object > > --disable-vtable-verify --enable-plugin --enable-default-pie > > --with-system-zlib --enable-libphobos-checking=release > > --with-target-system-zlib=auto --enable-objc-gc=auto > > --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --enable-cet --with-arch-32=i686 > > --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --enable-multilib > > --with-tune=generic > > --enable-offload-targets=nvptx-none=/build/gcc-13-uJ7kn6/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-nvptx/usr,amdgcn-amdhsa=/build/gcc-13-uJ7kn6/gcc-13-13.2.0/debian/tmp-gcn/usr > > --enable-offload-defaulted --without-cuda-driver > > --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu > > --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu > > Thread model: posix > > Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib zstd > > gcc version 13.2.0 (Ubuntu 13.2.0-23ubuntu4) > > COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-D' 'BPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1' '-D' > > 'SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB' '-D' 'bpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include' > > '-fno-omit-frame-pointer' '-O3' '-D' 'NDEBUG' '-std=gnu++20' '-fPIC' > > '-o' 'text_segment_transformer.cpp.o' '-c' '-shared-libgcc' > > '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' > > /usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/cc1plus -quiet -v -I > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum > > -I /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include -imultiarch > > x86_64-linux-gnu -D_GNU_SOURCE -D BPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1 -D > > SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB -D bpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS -D > > NDEBUG /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/attach/text_segment_transformer/text_segment_transformer.cpp > > -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=3 -quiet -dumpbase text_segment_transformer.cpp.cpp > > -dumpbase-ext .cpp -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -O3 -std=gnu++20 > > -version -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fPIC -fasynchronous-unwind-tables > > -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Wformat-security > > -fstack-clash-protection -fcf-protection -o /tmp/ccrIb4z5.s > > GNU C++20 (Ubuntu 13.2.0-23ubuntu4) version 13.2.0 (x86_64-linux-gnu) > > compiled by GNU C version 13.2.0, GMP version 6.3.0, MPFR > > version 4.2.1, MPC version 1.3.1, isl version isl-0.26-GMP > > > > GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 > > ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/13" > > ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" > > ignoring nonexistent directory > > "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/include-fixed/x86_64-linux-gnu" > > ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/include-fixed" > > ignoring nonexistent directory > > "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/include" > > #include "..." search starts here: > > #include <...> search starts here: > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include > > /usr/include/c++/13 > > /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/13 > > /usr/include/c++/13/backward > > /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/include > > /usr/local/include > > /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu > > /usr/include > > End of search list. > > Compiler executable checksum: 4e0f319cd9945d8f5a9eeeeec1481ba5 > > In file included from /usr/include/c++/13/string:51, > > from /usr/include/c++/13/bits/locale_classes.h:40, > > from /usr/include/c++/13/bits/ios_base.h:41, > > from /usr/include/c++/13/ios:44, > > from /usr/include/c++/13/istream:40, > > from /usr/include/c++/13/sstream:40, > > from /usr/include/c++/13/chrono:45, > > from > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include/spdlog/common.h:10, > > from > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include/spdlog/spdlog.h:12, > > from > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/attach/text_segment_transformer/text_segment_transformer.cpp:1: > > In static member function ‘static constexpr _Up* > > std::__copy_move<_IsMove, true, > > std::random_access_iterator_tag>::__copy_m(_Tp*, _Tp*, _Up*) [with _Tp > > = unsigned char; _Up = unsigned char; bool _IsMove = false]’, > > inlined from ‘constexpr _OI std::__copy_move_a2(_II, _II, _OI) > > [with bool _IsMove = false; _II = unsigned char*; _OI = unsigned > > char*]’ at /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:506:30, > > inlined from ‘constexpr _OI std::__copy_move_a1(_II, _II, _OI) > > [with bool _IsMove = false; _II = unsigned char*; _OI = unsigned > > char*]’ at /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:533:42, > > inlined from ‘constexpr _OI std::__copy_move_a(_II, _II, _OI) > > [with bool _IsMove = false; _II = > > __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<unsigned char*, vector<unsigned char> >; > > _OI = unsigned char*]’ at > > /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:540:31, > > inlined from ‘constexpr _OI std::copy(_II, _II, _OI) [with _II = > > __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<unsigned char*, vector<unsigned char> >; > > _OI = unsigned char*]’ at > > /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:633:7, > > inlined from ‘void bpftime::setup_syscall_tracer()’ at > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/attach/text_segment_transformer/text_segment_transformer.cpp:235:11: > > /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:437:30: warning: ‘void* > > __builtin_memmove(void*, const void*, long unsigned int)’ writing > > between 2 and 9223372036854775807 bytes into a region of size 0 > > overflows the destination [-Wstringop-overflow=] > > 437 | __builtin_memmove(__result, __first, sizeof(_Tp) * _Num); > > | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > > In function ‘void bpftime::setup_syscall_tracer()’: > > cc1plus: note: destination object is likely at address zero > > COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-D' 'BPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1' '-D' > > 'SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB' '-D' 'bpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include' > > '-fno-omit-frame-pointer' '-O3' '-D' 'NDEBUG' '-std=gnu++20' '-fPIC' > > '-o' 'text_segment_transformer.cpp.o' '-c' '-shared-libgcc' > > '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' > > as -v -I /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum > > -I /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include --64 -o > > text_segment_transformer.cpp.o /tmp/ccrIb4z5.s > > GNU assembler version 2.42 (x86_64-linux-gnu) using BFD version (GNU > > Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.42 > > COMPILER_PATH=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/:/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/ > > LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/../../../../lib/:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/usr/lib/../lib/:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/ > > COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-D' 'BPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1' '-D' > > 'SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB' '-D' 'bpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include' > > '-fno-omit-frame-pointer' '-O3' '-D' 'NDEBUG' '-std=gnu++20' '-fPIC' > > '-o' 'text_segment_transformer.cpp.o' '-c' '-shared-libgcc' > > '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' '-dumpdir' > > 'text_segment_transformer.cpp.' > > > > The symbol `syscall_hooker_cxx` has relocation type `R_X86_64_PLT32`. > > > > The same command On an `Ubuntu 18.04` using a manually built > > `GCC-13.2` compiler causes the following output: > > > > Using built-in specs. > > COLLECT_GCC=/usr/bin/c++ > > Target: x86_64-linux-gnu > > Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/opt/gcc-13.2.0 > > --disable-multilib --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id > > --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --enable-nls > > --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug > > --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --with-default-libstdcxx-abi=new > > --enable-libstdcxx-backtrace --enable-gnu-unique-object > > --disable-vtable-verify --enable-plugin --enable-default-pie > > --with-system-zlib --enable-libphobos-checking=release > > --with-target-system-zlib=auto --enable-objc-gc=auto --disable-werror > > --enable-cet --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-tune=generic > > --without-cuda-driver --enable-checking=release > > --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu > > --target=x86_64-linux-gnu > > Thread model: posix > > Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib > > gcc version 13.2.0 (GCC) > > > > COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-D' 'BPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1' '-D' > > 'SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB' '-D' 'bpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include' > > '-fno-omit-frame-pointer' '-O3' '-D' 'NDEBUG' '-std=gnu++20' '-fPIC' > > '-o' 'text_segment_transformer.cpp.o' '-c' '-shared-libgcc' > > '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/cc1plus -quiet -v > > -I /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum > > -I /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include -imultiarch > > x86_64-linux-gnu -D_GNU_SOURCE -D BPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1 -D > > SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB -D bpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS -D > > NDEBUG /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/attach/text_segment_transformer/text_segment_transformer.cpp > > -quiet -dumpbase text_segment_transformer.cpp.cpp -dumpbase-ext .cpp > > -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -O3 -std=gnu++20 -version > > -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fPIC -o /tmp/ccIXuruA.s > > GNU C++20 (GCC) version 13.2.0 (x86_64-linux-gnu) > > compiled by GNU C version 13.2.0, GMP version 6.3.0, MPFR version > > 4.2.1, MPC version 1.3.1, isl version none > > warning: GMP header version 6.3.0 differs from library version 6.1.2. > > warning: MPFR header version 4.2.1 differs from library version 4.0.1. > > warning: MPC header version 1.3.1 differs from library version 1.1.0. > > GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 > > ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" > > ignoring nonexistent directory > > "/opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/include" > > #include "..." search starts here: > > #include <...> search starts here: > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/../../../../include/c++/13.2.0 > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/../../../../include/c++/13.2.0/x86_64-linux-gnu > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/../../../../include/c++/13.2.0/backward > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/include > > /usr/local/include > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/include-fixed/x86_64-linux-gnu > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/include-fixed > > /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu > > /usr/include > > End of search list. > > Compiler executable checksum: 57ec4216d92497ddefc5d01c6cd03e37 > > In file included from /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/string:51, > > > > from > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/bits/locale_classes.h:40, > > from /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/bits/ios_base.h:41, > > from /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/ios:44, > > from /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/istream:40, > > from /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/sstream:40, > > from /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/chrono:45, > > from > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include/spdlog/common.h:10, > > from > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include/spdlog/spdlog.h:12, > > from > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/attach/text_segment_transformer/text_segment_transformer.cpp:1: > > In static member function ‘static constexpr _Up* > > std::__copy_move<_IsMove, true, > > std::random_access_iterator_tag>::__copy_m(_Tp*, _Tp*, _Up*) [with _Tp > > = unsigned char; _Up = unsigned char; bool _IsMove = false]’, > > inlined from ‘constexpr _OI std::__copy_move_a2(_II, _II, _OI) > > [with bool _IsMove = false; _II = unsigned char*; _OI = unsigned > > char*]’ at /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:506:30, > > inlined from ‘constexpr _OI std::__copy_move_a1(_II, _II, _OI) > > [with bool _IsMove = false; _II = unsigned char*; _OI = unsigned > > char*]’ at /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:533:42, > > inlined from ‘constexpr _OI std::__copy_move_a(_II, _II, _OI) > > [with bool _IsMove = false; _II = > > __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<unsigned char*, vector<unsigned char> >; > > _OI = unsigned char*]’ at > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:540:31, > > inlined from ‘constexpr _OI std::copy(_II, _II, _OI) [with _II = > > __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<unsigned char*, vector<unsigned char> >; > > _OI = unsigned char*]’ at > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:633:7, > > inlined from ‘void bpftime::setup_syscall_tracer()’ at > > /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/attach/text_segment_transformer/text_segment_transformer.cpp:235:11: > > /opt/gcc-13.2.0/include/c++/13.2.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:437:30: > > warning: ‘void* __builtin_memmove(void*, const void*, long unsigned > > int)’ writing between 2 and 9223372036854775807 bytes into a region of > > size 0 overflows the destination [-Wstringop-overflow=] > > 437 | __builtin_memmove(__result, __first, sizeof(_Tp) * _Num); > > | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > > In function ‘void bpftime::setup_syscall_tracer()’: > > cc1plus: note: destination object is likely at address zero > > COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-D' 'BPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1' '-D' > > 'SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB' '-D' 'bpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include' > > '-fno-omit-frame-pointer' '-O3' '-D' 'NDEBUG' '-std=gnu++20' '-fPIC' > > '-o' 'text_segment_transformer.cpp.o' '-c' '-shared-libgcc' > > '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' > > as -v -I /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum > > -I /home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include --64 -o > > text_segment_transformer.cpp.o /tmp/ccIXuruA.s > > GNU assembler version 2.30 (x86_64-linux-gnu) using BFD version (GNU > > Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.30 > > COMPILER_PATH=/opt/gcc-13.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/:/opt/gcc-13.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/:/opt/gcc-13.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/:/opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/ > > LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/:/opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/../../../../lib64/:/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/lib/../lib64/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/:/opt/gcc-13.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/13.2.0/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/ > > COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-D' 'BPFTIME_BUILD_WITH_LIBBPF=1' '-D' > > 'SPDLOG_COMPILED_LIB' '-D' 'bpftime_text_segment_transformer_EXPORTS' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/build/build/FridaGum-prefix/src/FridaGum' > > '-I' '/home/ahmad/Programs/bpftime/third_party/spdlog/include' > > '-fno-omit-frame-pointer' '-O3' '-D' 'NDEBUG' '-std=gnu++20' '-fPIC' > > '-o' 'text_segment_transformer.cpp.o' '-c' '-shared-libgcc' > > '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' '-dumpdir' > > 'text_segment_transformer.cpp.' > > > > But this time the relocation type for `syscall_hooker_cxx` is > > `R_X86_64_PC32`. What could be the cause of this inconsistency? Is the > > latter GCC configured incorrectly (Also, the default `GLIBC` version > > used by the former `GCC` is `2.39` while for the latter is `2.27`)? > > Any hint is appreciated. > > > > Regards.
